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Association Between Reduced Post-Void Residual Urine Volume and Intravesical Recurrence in Patients With Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Historical Cohort Study
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Hamed Marofi1    , Pouya Fattahi2 , Peyman Hayati3 , Heshmatollah Sofi Majid Pour4 , Khaled Rahmani5 , Azad Shokri6 |
1- Assistant Professor of Urology, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
2- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran , pouya.fattahi76@gmail.com
3- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
4- Full Professor of Urology, Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
5- Associate Professor of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
6- . Assistant Professor of Healthcare Services Management, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran |
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Abstract: (216 Views) |
Background and Aim: Bladder cancer is the second most common malignancy of the urinary tract, and increased post-void residual urine volume (PVR) has been suggested as a potential contributor to tumor recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PVR urine volume and one-year intravesical recurrence in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
Materials and methods: This historical cohort study included 60 bladder cancer patients with baseline PVR >60 mL who were referred to Kowsar Hospital, Sanandaj, Iran. Patients were divided into two groups: those receiving medical or surgical intervention (TUR) to reduce PVR and those receiving no treatment. Recurrence was evaluated after one year and defined as the presence of urothelial carcinoma of the same grade and stage or higher on follow-up biopsies. Demographic data, smoking status, tumor grade, tumor stage, and number of tumors were recorded. PVR was measured using the mean of at least two measurements. Residual urine volume was measured and recorded immediately after voiding with catheterisation. Statistical analyses included t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression, with significance set at P<0.05.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 74.15 ± 10.87 years; 57 (95%) patients were male, and 35 (58.3%) cases were smokers. Low-grade tumors were present in 53.3% of patients, and high-grade tumors in 46.7%. Intravesical recurrence occurred in 29(48.3%) patients. Mean PVR decreased from 122.02 mL to 83.30 mL following intervention. Age was significantly associated with treatment outcomes (P<0.001). No significant associations were observed for gender, smoking, tumor grade, tumor stage, or number of tumors (P>0.05). Lower post-intervention PVR was associated with reduced intravesical recurrence in univariate analysis. However, in multivariable logistic regression, treatment group was not independently associated with recurrence (P=0.10).
Conclusion: Lower PVR urine volume was observed to be associated with intravesical recurrence in patients with NMIBC. However, no independent association was demonstrated between treatment group and recurrence after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Given the retrospective observational design and limited sample size, these findings should be interpreted as an observed association rather than evidence of a causal relationship. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted. |
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| Keywords: Historical cohort, Intravesical recurrence, Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, Post-void residual urine volume, Voiding dysfunction |
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Full-Text [PDF 855 kb]
(88 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Medicine - Urology
Received: 2026/04/28 | Accepted: 2026/09/1 | Published: 2026/09/26
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Research code: 69981 Ethics code: IR.MUK.REC.1403.302
Marofi H, Fattahi P, Hayati P, Sofi Majid Pour H, Rahmani K, Shokri A. Association Between Reduced Post-Void Residual Urine Volume and Intravesical Recurrence in Patients With Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Historical Cohort Study. SJKU 2026; 31 (4) :81-90 URL: http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-9127-en.html
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