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Isolation of Bacteriophage Effective against Shigella sonnei in Hospital and Municipal Wastewaters
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Serveh Molai1    , Mazaher Khodabandehloo 2, Hime Salimizand3 |
1- MSc student of Medical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Student of Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
2- Associate professor of Medical Virology, Zoonoses Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. , mazaher-kh@muk.ac.ir
3- Assistant professor of Medical Bacteriology, Liver & Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran |
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Abstract: (848 Views) |
Background and Aim: Infections of antibiotic-resistant bacteria make their treatment difficult and sometimes impossible. So, scientists are looking for new solutions to fight these bacteria. Phage therapy can replace antibiotic therapy, especially in multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, we aimed to isolate bacteriophage that is effective against common gram-negative bacteria.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 250 ml of hospital and municipal wastewater samples were gathered. The samples were centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, the supernatants were filtered through a 0.22 μm filter. To phage enrichment, 50 ml of filtered water twice the volume of nutrient broth and host bacteria were incubated at 37 C for 24 hours in a shaker incubator. The double-layer agar method was used to see bacteriophage plaque. Transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the characteristics of the isolated bacteriophage.
Results: Lytic bacteriophage effective to Shigella sonei was found by testing on municipal wastewater. Electron microscopy showed that the bacteriophage belonged to the family Microviridae. However, bacteriophage against other Gram-negative bacteria was not found in the test on hospital wastewater samples.
Conclusion: The found bacteriophage had a specific lytic effect against Shigella sonei, this bacteriophage could be used for the study of phage therapy for Shigella infection with antibiotic resistance.
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| Keywords: Bacteriophage, Antibacterial Effect, Multidrug Resistant Bacteria, Shigella, Phage Therapy |
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Full-Text [PDF 1059 kb]
(377 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Microbiology
Received: 2021/05/10 | Accepted: 2021/10/31 | Published: 2023/03/15
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| References |
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Isolation of bacteriophages against multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Res Pharm Sci. 2017;12(5):373-80. [ DOI:10.4103/1735-5362.213982] [ PMID] [ ] 14. Gautam B, Aryal L, Adhikari S, Rana M, Rajbhanshi A, Ghale S, et al. Isolation of bacteriophage from Guheswori sewage treatment plant capable of infecting pathogens. Research in pharmacy and health sciences. 2018;4(2):465-70. [ DOI:10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i02.11] 15. Beheshti Maal K, Soleimani Delfan A, Salmanizadeh S. Isolation and Identification of Two Novel Escherichia coli Bacteriophages and Their Application in Wastewater Treatment and Coliform's Phage Therapy. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015;8(3):e14945. [ DOI:10.5812/jjm.14945] [ PMID] [ ] 16. Leshkasheli L, Kutateladze M, Balarjishvili N, Bolkvadze D, Save J, Oechslin F, et al. Efficacy of newly isolated and highly potent bacteriophages in a mouse model of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019;19:255-61. [ DOI:10.1016/j.jgar.2019.05.005] [ PMID] 17. Shahin K, Bouzari M, Wang R. Isolation, characterization and genomic analysis of a novel lytic bacteriophage vB_SsoS-ISF002 infecting Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri. J Med Microbiol. 2018;67(3):376-86. [ DOI:10.1099/jmm.0.000683] [ PMID] 18. Jun JW, Giri SS, Kim HJ, Yun SK, Chi C, Chai JY, et al. Bacteriophage application to control the contaminated water with Shigella. Sci Rep. 2016;6:22636. [ DOI:10.1038/srep22636] [ PMID] [ ] 19. Shahin K, Bouzari M, Komijani M, Wang R. A New Phage Cocktail Against Multidrug, ESBL-Producer Isolates of Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri with Highly Efficient Bacteriolytic Activity. Microb Drug Resist. 2020;26(7):831-41. [ DOI:10.1089/mdr.2019.0235] [ PMID] 20. Schooley RT, Biswas B, Gill JJ, Hernandez-Morales A, Lancaster J, Lessor L, et al. Development and Use of Personalized Bacteriophage-Based Therapeutic Cocktails To Treat a Patient with a Disseminated Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017;61(10). [ DOI:10.1128/AAC.00954-17] [ PMID] [ ] 21. Shende RK, Hirpurkar SD, Sannat C, Rawat N, Pandey V. Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages with lytic activity against common bacterial pathogens. Vet World. 2017;10(8):973-8. [ DOI:10.14202/vetworld.2017.973-978] [ PMID] [ ] 22. Lin DM, Koskella B, Lin HC. Phage therapy: An alternative to antibiotics in the age of multi-drug resistance. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. 2017;8(3):162-73. [ DOI:10.4292/wjgpt.v8.i3.162] [ PMID] [ ] 23. Pallavali RR, Degati VL, Lomada D, Reddy MC, Durbaka VRP. Isolation and in vitro evaluation of bacteriophages against MDR-bacterial isolates from septic wound infections. PLoS One. 2017;12(7):e0179245. [ DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0179245] [ PMID] [ ] 24. Clokie MR, Kropinski AM, Lavigne R. Bacteriophages, Methods and Protocols, Volume 1: Isolation, Characterization, and Interactions: Springer; 2009. 25. Krupovic M, Forterre P. Microviridae goes temperate: microvirus-related proviruses reside in the genomes of Bacteroidetes. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19893. [ DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0019893] [ PMID] [ ] 26. Ghosh S, Persad E, Shiue TY, Lam C, Islam A, Mascibroda LG, et al. Explorative Study on Isolation and Characterization of a Microviridae G4 Bacteriophage, EMCL318, against Multi-Drug-resistant Escherichia coli 15-318. Antibiotics (Basel). 2018;7(4). [ DOI:10.3390/antibiotics7040092] [ PMID] [ ] 27. Wang H, Ling Y, Shan T, Yang S, Xu H, Deng X, et al. Gut virome of mammals and birds reveals high genetic diversity of the family Microviridae. Virus Evol. 2019;5(1):vez013. [ DOI:10.1093/ve/vez013] [ PMID] [ ] 28. Chan BK, Sistrom M, Wertz JE, Kortright KE, Narayan D, Turner PE. Phage selection restores antibiotic sensitivity in MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep. 2016;6:26717. [ DOI:10.1038/srep26717] [ PMID] [ ] 29. Ghajavand H, Esfahani BN, Havaei A, Fazeli H, Jafari R, Moghim S. Isolation of bacteriophages against multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Res Pharm Sci. 2017;12(5):373-80. [ DOI:10.4103/1735-5362.213982] [ PMID] [ ] 30. Gautam B, Aryal L, Adhikari S, Rana M, Rajbhanshi A, Ghale S, et al. Isolation of bacteriophage from Guheswori sewage treatment plant capable of infecting pathogens. Research in pharmacy and health sciences. 2018;4(2):465-70. [ DOI:10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i02.11] 31. Beheshti Maal K, Soleimani Delfan A, Salmanizadeh S. Isolation and Identification of Two Novel Escherichia coli Bacteriophages and Their Application in Wastewater Treatment and Coliform's Phage Therapy. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015;8(3):e14945. [ DOI:10.5812/jjm.14945] [ PMID] [ ] 32. Leshkasheli L, Kutateladze M, Balarjishvili N, Bolkvadze D, Save J, Oechslin F, et al. Efficacy of newly isolated and highly potent bacteriophages in a mouse model of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia. J Glob Antimicrob Resist. 2019;19:255-61. [ DOI:10.1016/j.jgar.2019.05.005] [ PMID] |
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Ethics code: IR.MUK.REC.1397/260
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