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COVID-19: A Review of Treatment Strategies and Candidate Vaccines
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Negar Sarhangi1    , Hamid Reza Aghaei Meybodi2 , Shekoufe Nikfar3 , Mandana Hasanzad 4 |
1- Candate PhD of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Associate Professor of Endocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3- Professor of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Management, Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
4- Professor of Molecular Genetic, Medical Genomics Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran/Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, , mandanahasanzad@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: (1224 Views) |
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the acute respiratory syndrome, acute inflammatory response of the respiratory system, vascular injury, microangiopathy, angiogenesis, and widespread thrombosis.
Four stages of COVID-19 have been determined; the first stage starts with an upper respiratory tract infection, the second stage starts by the onset of shortness of breath and pneumonia, the third stage starts by worsening of clinical symptoms followed by hyperinflammation, and the fourth stage is death or recovery of the patient. There is currently no successful treatment specifically for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Based on the pathological features and different clinical stages of COVID-19, especially in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19, the drug groups used includeed antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory drugs/anti-trauma drugs, and heparin with Low molecular weight, plasma, and hyperimmune immunoglobulin. During the emergency of the COVID-19 outbreak, clinical researchers are using a variety of possible therapies to test them. It seems that the precision medicine approach can answer the COVID-19 treatment questions. Therefore, the way to precision medicine in COVID-19 needs an extremely rapid pace. The aim of the present study was to discuss the most up-to-date effective drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
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| Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine, Treatment |
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Full-Text [PDF 652 kb]
(491 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Medicine - Infectious
Received: 2021/07/29 | Accepted: 2022/02/16 | Published: 2021/11/1
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