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:: Volume 28, Issue 3 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2023) ::
SJKU 2023, 28(3): 24-36 Back to browse issues page
Evaluation of the Effect of Acute and Chronic Restraint Stress on Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Nitric Oxide Levels in Wound Healing Process in Rat
Pari Tamri1 , Fatemeh Zeraati2 , Rasool Haddadi3 , Maryam Karamali4
1- Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran , ptamri@gmail.com
2- Professor, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, ran
4- . Pharm D Student, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Abstract:   (1449 Views)
Background and Aim: Considering that stress slows down wound healing, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute and chronic restraint stress on inducible Nitric Oxide synthase (iNOS) and Nitric Oxide (NO) concentrations in wound tissue in rat.
Materials and Methods: 48 male and female rats in 6 groups (n=8) including male control, male animals exposed to acute stress, male animals exposed to chronic stress, female control, female animals exposed to  acute stress and female animals exposed to chronic stress were used in this study. Tissue samples were collected on the 3rd and 7th days after wound creation. iNOS concentration were measured by ELISA method and the concentration of NO was measured by determining nitrite concentrations in the samples using Griess reagent.
Results: Acute (P< 0.001) and chronic (P< 0.05) stress caused a significant increase in iNOS concentrations on the 3rd  and 7th days post wounding in male animals comparing to the control group. The concentration of iNOS was significantly increased in female animals only in the group exposed to the acute stress and on the 3rd day compared to the control group (P< 0.05). Acute and chronic stress caused a significant (P < 0.001) increase in NO concentrations in male animals when compared with the control group. NO concentrations was increased significantly in female animals exposed to acute stress comparing to the control group on 3rd day post wounding (P< 0.001).
Conclusion: Stress induced elevations in iNOS and NO concentrations could be one of the mechanisms underlying delayed wound healing by stress.
Keywords: Nitric Oxide, Restraint stress, Wound healing, Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
Full-Text [PDF 646 kb]   (603 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original Research | Subject: General
Received: 2021/07/28 | Accepted: 2021/10/20 | Published: 2023/07/31
References
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5. Shah R, Domah F, Shah N, Domah J. Surgical Wound Healing in the Oral Cavity: a Review. Dent Update. 2020;47(2):135-43. [DOI:10.12968/denu.2020.47.2.135]
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15. Verma R, Balhara YPS, Gupta CS. Gender differences in stress response: Role of developmental and biological determinants. Ind Psychiatry J. 2011; 20(1):4-10. [DOI:10.4103/0972-6748.98407] [PMID] []
16. Moloudi R, Nabavizadeh F, Nahrevanian H, Hassanzadeh G. Effect of different doses of GLP-2 (Teduglutide) on acute esophageal lesion due to acid-pepsin perfusion in male rats. Peptides. 2011;(10)32: 2086-90 [DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2011.09.004] [PMID]
17. Kvetnansky R, McCarty R. Immobilization Stress. In: Fink G, editor. Encyclopedia of Stress. 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press, 2007: 445-9. [DOI:10.1016/B978-012373947-6.00216-6]
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19. Zhao R, Liang H, Clarke E, Jackson C, Xue M. Inflammation in Chronic Wounds. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(12):2085. [DOI:10.3390/ijms17122085] [PMID] []
20. McCartney-Francis NL, Song X-y, Mizel DE, Wahl SM. Selective Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Exacerbates Erosive Joint Disease. J Immunol Res. 2001; 166(4):2734-40 [DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.166.4.2734] [PMID]
21. Saidian M, Lakey JRT, Ponticorvo A, Rowland R, Baldado M, Williams J, et al. Characterisation of impaired wound healing in a preclinical model of induced diabetes using wide-field imaging and conventional immunohistochemistry assays. Int Wound J. 2019;16(1):144-52. [DOI:10.1111/iwj.13005] [PMID] []
22. Gajendrareddy P, Ilangovan G, Kuppusamy P, Horan M, Eijkelkamp N, Marucha P. 053
Psychological Stress Impairs Healing and Oxygenation in Cutaneous Wounds. Wound Repair and Regen. 2004;12(2):A15-A. [DOI:10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.0abstractaz.x]
23. Hodes GE, Pfau ML, Purushothaman I, Ahn HF, Golden SA, Christoffel DJ, et al. Sex Differences in Nucleus Accumbens Transcriptome Profiles Associated with Susceptibility versus Resilience to Subchronic Variable Stress. J Neurosci Res. 2015;35(50):16362-76. [DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1392-15.2015] [PMID] []
24. Patchev VK, Hayashi S, Orikasa C, Almeida OFX. Ontogeny of Gender-Specific Responsiveness to Stress and Glucocorticoids in the Rat and its Determination by the Neonatal Gonadal Steroid Environment. Stress. 1999;3(1):41-54. [DOI:10.3109/10253899909001111] [PMID]
25. Klinger K, Gomes FV, Rincón-Cortés M, Grace AA. Female rats are resistant to the long-lasting neurobehavioral changes induced by adolescent stress exposure. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2019;29(10):1127-37. [DOI:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.07.134] [PMID] []
26. Zavala JK, Fernandez AA, Gosselink KL. Female responses to acute and repeated restraint stress differ from those in males. Physiol Behav. 2011;104(2):215-21. [DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.03.022] [PMID] []
27. Bourke CH, Harrell CS, Neigh GN. Stress-induced sex differences: adaptations mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor. Horm Behav. 2012;62(3):210-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.02.024] [PMID] []
28. ter Horst JP, de Kloet ER, Schächinger H, Oitzl MS. Relevance of Stress and Female Sex Hormones for Emotion and Cognition. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2012;32(5):725-35. [DOI:10.1007/s10571-011-9774-2] [PMID] []
29. Marchetti B, Serra PA, Tirolo C, L'Episcopo F, Caniglia S, Gennuso F, et al. Glucocorticoid receptor-nitric oxide crosstalk and vulnerability to experimental parkinsonism: pivotal role for glia-neuron interactions. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2005;48(2):302-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.030 [DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.002] [PMID]
31. Park EM, Cho S, Fry KA, Glicstein SB, al ZPe. Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Contribute to Gender Differences in Ischemic Brain Injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2006;26(3):392-401. [DOI:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600194] [PMID]
32. Salleh MR. Life event, stress and illness. Malays J Med Sci. 2008;15(4):9-18.
33. Esch T. [Health in stress: change in the stress concept and its significance for prevention, health and life style]. Gesundheitswesen. 2002; (2)64: 73-81. [DOI:10.1055/s-2002-20275] [PMID]
34. Frank S, Hübner G, Breier G, Longaker MT, Greenhalgh DG, Werner S. Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Cultured Keratinocytes.: IMPLICATIONS FOR NORMAL AND IMPAIRED WOUND HEALING. J Biol Chem. 1995; 21(270)12607-13 [DOI:10.1074/jbc.270.21.12607] [PMID]
35. Gouin J-P, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. The impact of psychological stress on wound healing: methods and mechanisms. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2011;31(1):81-93. [DOI:10.1016/j.iac.2010.09.010] [PMID] []
36. Shah R, Domah F, Shah N, Domah J. Surgical Wound Healing in the Oral Cavity: a Review. Dent Update. 2020;47(2):135-43. [DOI:10.12968/denu.2020.47.2.135]
37. Vileikyte L. Stress and wound healing. Clin Dermatol. 2007;25(1):49-55. [DOI:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2006.09.005] [PMID]
38. Stefano GB, Fricchione GL, Slingsby BT, Benson H. The placebo effect and relaxation response: neural processes and their coupling to constitutive nitric oxide. Brain Res Rev. 2001;35(1):1-19. [DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(00)00047-3] [PMID]
39. Gümüşel B, Orhan D, Tolunay Ö, Uma S. The Role of Nitric Oxide in Mediating Nonadrenergic, Noncholinergic Relaxation in Rat Pulmonary Artery. Nitric Oxide. 2001; 4(5)296-301. [DOI:10.1006/niox.2001.0345] [PMID]
40. Stefano GB, Goumon Y, Bilfinger TV, Welters ID, Cadet P. Basal nitric oxide limits immune, nervous and cardiovascular excitation: human endothelia express a mu opiate receptor. Prog Neurobiol. 2000;60(6):513-30. [DOI:10.1016/S0301-0082(99)00038-6] [PMID]
41. Shinde UA, Mehta AA, Goyal RK. Nitric oxide: a molecule of the millennium. Indian J Exp Biol. 2000;38(3):201-10.
42. Tobias Esch GBS, Gregory L Fricchione, Herbert Benson. Stress-related diseases a potential role for nitric oxide. Med Sci Monit.2002; (6)8:103-18.
43. Barrientos S, Stojadinovic O, Golinko MS, Brem H, Tomic-Canic M. PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE: Growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. Wound Repair and Regen. 2008;16(5):585-601. [DOI:10.1111/j.1524-475X.2008.00410.x] [PMID]
44. Mori R, Kondo T, Nishie T, Ohshima T, Asano M. Impairment of skin wound healing in beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase-deficient mice with reduced leukocyte recruitment. Am J Pathol. 2004;164(4):1303-14. [DOI:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63217-8] [PMID]
45. Nili-Ahmadabadi A, Ali-Heidar F, Ranjbar A, Mousavi L, Ahmadimoghaddam D, Larki-Harchegani A, et al. Protective effect of amlodipine on diazinon-induced changes on oxidative/antioxidant balance in rat hippocampus. Res Pharm Sci. 2018;13(4):368-76. [DOI:10.4103/1735-5362.235164] [PMID] []
46. Verma R, Balhara YPS, Gupta CS. Gender differences in stress response: Role of developmental and biological determinants. Ind Psychiatry J. 2011; 20(1):4-10. [DOI:10.4103/0972-6748.98407] [PMID] []
47. Moloudi R, Nabavizadeh F, Nahrevanian H, Hassanzadeh G. Effect of different doses of GLP-2 (Teduglutide) on acute esophageal lesion due to acid-pepsin perfusion in male rats. Peptides. 2011;(10)32: 2086-90 [DOI:10.1016/j.peptides.2011.09.004] [PMID]
48. Kvetnansky R, McCarty R. Immobilization Stress. In: Fink G, editor. Encyclopedia of Stress. 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press, 2007: 445-9. [DOI:10.1016/B978-012373947-6.00216-6]
49. Karamercan A, Ercan S, Bozkurt S. Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors appear to improve wound healing in endotoxemic rats: An investigator-blinded, controlled, experimental study. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2006;67(6):378-85. [DOI:10.1016/j.curtheres.2006.12.001] [PMID] []
50. Zhao R, Liang H, Clarke E, Jackson C, Xue M. Inflammation in Chronic Wounds. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(12):2085. [DOI:10.3390/ijms17122085] [PMID] []
51. McCartney-Francis NL, Song X-y, Mizel DE, Wahl SM. Selective Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Exacerbates Erosive Joint Disease. J Immunol Res. 2001; 166(4):2734-40 [DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.166.4.2734] [PMID]
52. Saidian M, Lakey JRT, Ponticorvo A, Rowland R, Baldado M, Williams J, et al. Characterisation of impaired wound healing in a preclinical model of induced diabetes using wide-field imaging and conventional immunohistochemistry assays. Int Wound J. 2019;16(1):144-52. [DOI:10.1111/iwj.13005] [PMID] []
53. Gajendrareddy P, Ilangovan G, Kuppusamy P, Horan M, Eijkelkamp N, Marucha P. 053
Psychological Stress Impairs Healing and Oxygenation in Cutaneous Wounds. Wound Repair and Regen. 2004;12(2):A15-A. [DOI:10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.0abstractaz.x]
54. Hodes GE, Pfau ML, Purushothaman I, Ahn HF, Golden SA, Christoffel DJ, et al. Sex Differences in Nucleus Accumbens Transcriptome Profiles Associated with Susceptibility versus Resilience to Subchronic Variable Stress. J Neurosci Res. 2015;35(50):16362-76. [DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1392-15.2015] [PMID] []
55. Patchev VK, Hayashi S, Orikasa C, Almeida OFX. Ontogeny of Gender-Specific Responsiveness to Stress and Glucocorticoids in the Rat and its Determination by the Neonatal Gonadal Steroid Environment. Stress. 1999;3(1):41-54. [DOI:10.3109/10253899909001111] [PMID]
56. Klinger K, Gomes FV, Rincón-Cortés M, Grace AA. Female rats are resistant to the long-lasting neurobehavioral changes induced by adolescent stress exposure. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2019;29(10):1127-37. [DOI:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.07.134] [PMID] []
57. Zavala JK, Fernandez AA, Gosselink KL. Female responses to acute and repeated restraint stress differ from those in males. Physiol Behav. 2011;104(2):215-21. [DOI:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.03.022] [PMID] []
58. Bourke CH, Harrell CS, Neigh GN. Stress-induced sex differences: adaptations mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor. Horm Behav. 2012;62(3):210-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.02.024] [PMID] []
59. ter Horst JP, de Kloet ER, Schächinger H, Oitzl MS. Relevance of Stress and Female Sex Hormones for Emotion and Cognition. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2012;32(5):725-35. [DOI:10.1007/s10571-011-9774-2] [PMID] []
60. Marchetti B, Serra PA, Tirolo C, L'Episcopo F, Caniglia S, Gennuso F, et al. Glucocorticoid receptor-nitric oxide crosstalk and vulnerability to experimental parkinsonism: pivotal role for glia-neuron interactions. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2005;48(2):302-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.030 [DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.002] [PMID]
61. Park EM, Cho S, Fry KA, Glicstein SB, al ZPe. Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Contribute to Gender Differences in Ischemic Brain Injury. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2006;26(3):392-401. [DOI:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600194] [PMID]
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Tamri P, Zeraati F, Haddadi R, Karamali M. Evaluation of the Effect of Acute and Chronic Restraint Stress on Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Nitric Oxide Levels in Wound Healing Process in Rat. SJKU 2023; 28 (3) :24-36
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Volume 28, Issue 3 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2023) Back to browse issues page
مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
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