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Effect of Persian Clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) Extract on Thyroid Hormones in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial
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Pezhman Sharifi1    , Sima Tozandehjani2 , Mohammad Aziz Rasouli3 , Khaled Emamzanbili1 , Shahnaz Ghafouri4 |
1- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
2- Texas Tech University, School of Veterinary Medicine, USA
3- Clinical Research Development Center, Kowsar Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
4- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran , drghafoorish76@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (543 Views) |
Background and Aim: Subclinical hypothyroidism represents a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting metabolic homeostasis. Trifolium resupinatum L. is a medicinal plant traditionally valued for its therapeutic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of its hydroalcoholic extract on thyroid hormone profiles in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.
Materials and Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract was prepared from dried T. resupinatum samples, and bioactive compounds were identified via GC-MS analysis. In a randomized clinical trial, 51 patients were allocated into two groups. The intervention group (n=25) received extract (500 mg/day) alongside levothyroxine, while the control group (n=26) received levothyroxine plus placebo. Following three months of treatment, serum TSH, total T3, and total T4 levels were measured using ELISA. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software (version 25).
Results: GC-MS analysis identified phenolic compounds as principal constituents of the extract. Extract administration significantly elevated total T4 levels (P<0.001) and reduced TSH concentrations (P=0.04), compared to controls. No significant changes in total T3 were observed (P=0.42).
Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of T. resupinatum demonstrates potential as an adjunctive therapy with levothyroxine for managing subclinical hypothyroidism by modulating TSH and T4 levels, thereby improving thyroid function.
Keywords: Hydroalcoholic extract, Hypothyroidism, Medicinal plants, Thyroid hormones, Trifolium resupinatum L. |
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| Keywords: Hypothyroidism, Trifolium resupinatum L., Hydroalcoholic extract, Thyroid hormones, Medicinal plants |
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Full-Text [PDF 981 kb]
(9 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Internal Medicine
Received: 2025/11/12 | Accepted: 2026/05/5 | Published: 2026/08/20
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