Background and Aim: Regular exercise and proper exercise programs contribute to improvement of physiological function and improve aerobic capacity, blood absorption, and adequate oxygen supply for the brain and muscles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endurance training and adenosine injection on CCL2 gene expression after induction of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in male rats.
Materials and Methods: This was an experimental study with a post-test design. The study population included Wistar rats. The sample consisted of 40 male rats which, after induction of ischemia, were randomly divided into the following groups: endurance training + adenosine + ischemia, ischemia + adenosine, endurance training + ischemia, and control + ischemia. After induction of ischemia, the animals performed an endurance training program. In the eighth week the  rats received daily injection of 1 mg of adenosine. Then, CCL2 gene expression was measured using laboratory methods. We used mean, standard deviation, Shapiro-Wilks test, Leven test, and one-way analysis of variance (P ≤ 0.05( for data analysis.
Results: The results showed a significant difference between the control + ischemia group and the adenosine + ischemia group in the expression of the CCL2 gene. Also there was a significant difference between the control group + ischemia and the endurance training + ischemia group in the expression of the CCL2 gene. But we found no significant difference between the control group + ischemia and the endurance training group + adenosine + ischemia group in the expression of CCL2 gene.
Conclusion: Pretreatment with endurance training and adenosine before an ischemic stroke might have regulated CCL2 gene expression. Exercise and adenosine may be useful prophylactic factors for ischemic stroke.