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Decrease in glutamate level in cerebral cortex and lumbar region of spinal cord of rat: a potential mechanism for minocycline in attenuating morphine-induced tolerance
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Esmael Izadpanah1   , Mahboob Nemati2 , Mohammad Charkhpour3 , Mohammad Aghazadeh Amiri 4 |
1- Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
2- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
3- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
4- Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences , kambizhassanzadeh@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (14838 Views) |
| ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Chronic opiate administration induces tolerance to the analgesic effect. Despite extensive investigations in this ground, the precise cellular mechanisms underlying opioid tolerance and dependence remain controversial. Several studies have indicated that glutamatergic transmission and nitric oxide/ N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) pathway could play an important role in morphine-induced tolerance. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intra-cerebro-ventricular (ICV) administration of minocycline (a second-generation tetracycline) on morphine-induced tolerance and elevation of glutamate level in cerebral cortex and lumbar region of spinal cord of rats after administration of morphine.
Material and Methods: Different groups of rats received either morphine (IP) and distilled water (ICV) or morphine (IP) and different doses of minocycline (ICV) or minocycline alone once per day. Nociception was assessed using a hot plate apparatus. The glutamate concentration in both regions was measured with a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) apparatus.
Results: The results indicated that ICV administration of minocycline with doses of 60, 120, 240 µg/10µl/rat attenuated the morphine-induced tolerance and decreased glutamate level in the cerebral cortex. But glutamate level in the lumbar spinal cord decreased after administration of minocycline with doses of 120, 240 µg/10µl/rat.
Conclusion: We found that central administration of minocycline attenuated morphine-induced increase of glutamate level in the cortex and lumbar spinal cord of rats which can be regarded as a possible mechanism for effect of minocycline on morphine-induced tolerance.
Key words: Morphine, Minocycline, Glutamate, Tolerance, Intra-cerebro-ventricular
Conflict of Interest: Nill
Received: July 6, 2010 Accepted: Sept 27, 2010 |
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| Keywords: Morphine, Minocycline, Glutamate, Tolerance, Intra-cerebro-ventricular |
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Full-Text [PDF 875 kb]
(2193 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2011/01/5 | Accepted: 2015/01/10 | Published: 2015/01/10
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