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Showing 5 results for akrami
Latifeh Mohammadpour, Dr Mohammad Sadegh Fallah, Dr Fatemeh Keshavarzi, Dr Siroos Zeinali, Dr Bayazeed Ghaderi, Dr Azad Fattahy Rad, Dr Reza Akramipour, Sara Azadmehr,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Alpha Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disease by reduced or absent synthesis of alpha globin polypeptide chains. One of the severe forms of disease with 3 alpha globin genes inactivation is H disease. In this study genotype of H disease was assessed in some patients with blood abnormalities referred to hospitals of Kermanshah and Kurdistan provinces. Materials and method: In this descriptive research, 110 patients with microcytic and hypochromic anemia were recruited. Based on CBC and hemoglobin electrophoresis tests in patients before blood transfusion or their parents, alpha thalassemia was diagnosed. DNA was extracted by salting out method. The common deletions, alpha globin point mutations and direct sequencing were investigated using multiplex PCR and Sanger methods respectively. Results: In twelve alpha thalassemia patients, it has been shown the deletion mutations of --Med in 5 patients (20.8%), -α3.7 in 4 patients (6.6%) and -α20.5 in 3 patients (12.5%) and also point mutations polyA1 in 3 patients (12.5%),-αcd59 in 2 patients (8.3%) and -αIVSI (-5nt) in 2 patients (8.3%). In 4 cases deletion (-α/--) and in 3 cases (40%) non-deletion H disease (--/ααT) were diagnosed. Two cases showed point mutation of ααT/ααT. Two patients were blood-transfusion dependent. The first one who received regular blood monthly, showed --Med/αcd59 genotype. The second one with -α20.5/-α3.7 genotype received blood occasionally. In 7 patient’s enlargement of spleen was observed and in 3 patients splenectomy was performed earlier. Conclusion: The results showed the genetic diversity in alpha-globin and the importance of point mutations in the H disease. However, further study should be done to determine the accurate genotype and phenotype relationship and to diagnose of H disease in prenatal cases. Keywords: Alpha Thalassemia, H disease, Kurdistan, Kermanshah. Received: Jul 16, 2014 Accepted: Feb 7, 2015
Mehdi Bagheri Sheshadeh, Dr. Farhad Nazarian-Firouzabadi, Dr. Ahmad Ismaili, Mr Mohammad Javad Akrami,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Enterococcus species are opportunistic pathogens and their pathogenicity seems to be related to the presence of a number of pathogenicity genes. Since donkey’s milk is a new non-allergenic source of nutrition, this study was performed to assess the antibiogram and detection of pathogenicity genes in some Enterococcus faecalis isolates from donkey’s milk.
Materials and Method: In this experimental study, several Enterococcus faecalis strains were isolated from donkey’s milk. Resistance patterns of the isolates to 10 antibiotics including vancomycin were investigated based on CLSI protocol. Statistical comparison was made by Fisher's exact test. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification was used to study gel E, esp, ace, as and efaA pathogenicity related genes.
Results: Enterococcus faecalis isolates showed a different antibiogram pattern. Isolates were resistant to azithromycin, and erythromycin, but were susceptible to ampicillin and penicillin. Previously isolated LUB93929 and LUB93101 isolates were found to be susceptible and resistance to vancomycin, respectively. GelE, ace and efaA genes were detected in both Enterococcus faecalis isolates and also in E. faecalis in the control strains. The aggregation substance gene (as) was only amplified in LUB93101 isolate. Interestingly, esp gene was not detected in any of the isolates.
Conclusion: Despite resistance to vancomycin and presence of some pathogenicity related genes in this study, E. faecalis isolates may not be human pathogens due to lack of pathogenic factors. The esp gene is crucial for biofilm formation and rise of nosocomial infections. Donkey’s milk Enterococcus faecalis isolates are not able to form biofilm and seem not to bring any problem.
Mehdi Afkar, Parisa Rezanejad Asl, Alireza Mahdavi Hezaveh, Forouzan Akrami, Sahand Riazi-Isfahani, Niloofar Peykari, Moloud Payab, Alireza Moghisi, Elham Yousefi, Mansour Ranjbar1, Marzeyeh Soleymani Nejad, Christoph Hamelmann1, Slim Slama1, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi, Bagher Larijani, Alireza Raeisi, Afshin Ostovar,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences- Special issue 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Covid-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in the provision of non-communicable disease prevention and management services in many countries and there is a concern that this disorder will lead to long-term complications of these diseases; This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the status of some prevention and management services of non-communicable diseases in the primary health care system of Iran during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: In this study, the routine data of 8 services related to the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases in the integrated electronic health record system (SIB) within 10 months after the outbreak of Covid-19 were compared to the same period last year.
Results: Non-communicable disease prevention and management services have decreased by an average of 18.89% compared to the same period last year; this decrease was much more severe at the beginning of the epidemic period (up to 75% in some services) and more in the services provided by physicians than in the services provided by non-physicians. Also, observation of the course of selected services during this period showed that after the initial reduction of services, a process of gradual compensation is evident.
Conclusion: like other areas involved in the pandemic, the effect of the Covid-19 epidemic on non-communicable disease prevention and management services in the primary health care system of Iran, has been significant and although partial compensation of some services is promising, more attention and effort is needed to revive the other programs.
Dr Forouzan Akrami, Sahand Riazi-Isfahani, Alireza Mahdavi Hezaveh, Ali Ghanbari Motlagh, Mehdi Najmi, Mehdi Afkar, Alireza Moghisi, Mansour Ranjbar, Christoph Hamelmann, Alireza Raiesi, Dr Afshin Ostovar,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences- Special issue 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Evidence shows that COVID-19 pandemic affects non-communicable diseases (NCDs), significantly. This study aimed to analyze the status of prevention and management services of NCDs at the level of primary health care (PHC) system during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: In this situation analysis study, first the circulars communicated at the level of PHC system from beginning of the pandemic to the end of September 2020 were manually and electronically retrieved, and those which included a decision or action in terms of governance and coordination mechanisms to provide NCDs in crisis and reopening stages, were analyzed. Then, the plans of major NCDs services in low-risk, intermediate, and high-risk conditions were developed and finalized based on the circulars. Finally, situation analysis was performed using SWOT analysis, and proposed strategies were extracted.
Results: 25 out of 199 circulars were analyzed. In the crisis phase, most screening, risk assessment and diagnostic services were suspended, and the follow-ups and care of patients with NCDs were mainly done by telephone. In the reopening phase, general strategies were adopted to increase capacity and to compensate delayed care, and the plan of major NCDs services at the PHC system was developed in the three-pandemic settings. Finally, main strategies were proposed with integration approach and focusing on essential services, considering vulnerable groups and the use of E-health technologies.
Conclusion: The results indicated an interruption in NCDs services during the crisis phase, while adopting strategies to respond to the pandemic. Revision of the COVID-19 guides with a particular focus on NCDs prevention and management services is recommended in national response plan.
Dr Forouzan Akrami, Mr Abolfazl Asghari, Mrs Tooran Mohammadi, Dr Abbas Sedaghat,
Volume 29, Issue 6 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: While providing adequate and healthy blood, governments should ensure that measures are taken to respect the right of blood donors to privacy and confidentiality of information and their right to informed consent, as well as to protect them from stigma and discrimination. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the ethical challenges in blood donation from the perspective of policy makers, experts and stakeholders of blood transfusion.
Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was conducted in the second half of 2019 (before the Covid-19 pandemic). The participants consisted of policy makers and experts from the Blood Transfusion Organization and the Deputy of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education and blood donors. Purposeful sampling and focus group discussion were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed by Graneheim and Lundman inductive content analysis.
Results: In this study, four main themes emerged in relation to ethical challenges in blood donation: first, the relativity of confidentiality, which itself includes three sub-themes: donor privacy and mutual trust, public health preference, and low awareness about examples of confidentiality and disclosure of information; second, the occasional conflict between donation motivation and organizational policies; third, ambiguous informed consent; and fourth, the fear of social stigma and lack of alternatives to increase confidentiality.
Conclusion: The findings indicated the need to evaluate the executive processes of registration and reporting, and devise alternative strategies to secure these processes, in order to ensure the confidentiality of information, while informing and building trust.
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