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Showing 10 results for Gholami
Dr M Gholami, H Mohammadi, Dr A Ameri, M Rahim,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2008)
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Chromium is a transitional element of group 6 and is the 21rst common element in the nature which occurs in two forms: a three valent and a 6 valent form. Electroplating industry contributes much to the pollution of the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of reverse osmosis membrane in the removal of chromium from industrial sewages. We also studied the optimum condition for reverse osmosis membrane for removal of chromium. Material and Methods: At first, synthetic chromium solutions with concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 20 g/l were prepared and injected into the spiral module of 2521 TE model RO system made in Korea by CSM Company. The influence of operating pressure, feed concentration, temperature, and pH on chromium removal efficiency for each concentration was determined. Results: Our study revealed that a 200psi pressure (α=0.01), 10 g/l concentration (α=0.05), 25˚C temperature (α=0.05) and a pH of 6-7 gave rise to the optimum condition for removal chromium. Conclusion: The efficiency of chromium removal by reverse osmosis membrane was about 99%. Therefore this method of chromium removal, when compared to other methods, is more suitable and effective.
Reyhaneh Akbari, Esmaeil Zarei, Ali Dormohammadi, Ail Gholami,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Use of mobile phones by people, especially university students has dramatically increased in recent years. One of the important psychological and behavioral complications of this issue is sleep disorders or lack of sleep quality among students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of unsafe and excessive use of mobile phones on sleep quality in the students.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study included 230 students of Neyshabur University of Medical Science in 2014. To assess the sleep quality we used Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Gennaro’s questionnaire was used for the assessment of unsafe and excessive use of mobile phone. Using SPSS 16 software, data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, independent T-test, ANOVA and multiple regression tests.
Results: According to the results of this study 50.9% of the students had poor sleep quality.Only10.8% had limited and safe use of their mobile phones. Unsafe and excessive use of mobile phone had significant relationship with variables of study year, place of residence and nativeness, and PSQI showed a significant relationship with age, gender and place of residence (P<0.001).Unsafe and excessive use of mobile phone had significant influence on PSQI in the students and on the four dimensions of this index (P<0.001, R2=0.083).
Conclusion: Unsafe and excessive use of mobile phone can have negative effect on the quality of sleep and this consequently, could influence their educational performance and daily activities. Teaching the students about these complications, and the importance of the quality of sleep and its effect on the educational performance is recommended.
Keywords; Unsafe use, Mobile phone, Sleep quality, Students.
Received: Feb 15, 2016 Accepted: Jul 11, 2016
Zaher Etemad, Dr Hojatollah Nikbakht, Dr Mohammad Ali Azarbaijani, Dr Mandana Gholami,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (Scintific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Resistance training exercise is one of the most common methods in fitness programs and health programs for athletes and therapists. Manipulation of every variable of training, such as rest intervals changes the adaptation and lead to the acquisition of more strength, higher endurance or biochemical changes in the body or cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of two resistance exercise (RE) protocols with different rest intervals (RI) on serum homocysteine and CRP concentrations.
Material and Methods: This study included sedentary men between 19-28years of age who were randomly divided into 3 groups: two experimental groups including RE with RI of 90 (n=10) seconds and RE with RI of 180 seconds (n=10), and a control group (n=10). Exercise protocol included 8 exercises with intensity of 50% of 1RM in the first session and 85% of 1RM in the last session. The participants' weight, body fat percentage and body mass index were measured before and after intervention.In addition fasting homocysteine and CRP levels were measured by use of ELISA method before and after the exercise program for the 3 groups. ANOVA test was used to analyze the data. We used Benferoni statistical test in order to determine and arrange the mean differences within every group.
Results: The results showed that resistance training for eight weeks with different RI can lead to significant decrease in the levels of homocysteine and CRP in healthy sedentary men.
Conclusion: Circuit resistance training with different RI decreased the serum levels of homocysteine and CRP in the healthy sedentary men. Therefore, these exercises may decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: Resistance training, Rest interval, C-reactive protein (CRP), Homocysteine
Received: Aug 31, 2016 Accepted: Sep 27, 2016
Behnam Amirpour-Najafabadi, Mahsa Gholami, Parvin Zarie, Sirvan Hossieni, Mehdi Sadegh,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Peripheral and central nervous system neuropathy occur in chronic diabetes with uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Beneficial effects of sodium valproate have been demonstrated in neurodegenerative diseases. Sodium valproate has neuroprotective and regenerative effects via modifications in gene expression. In this study, we investigated effects of sodium valproate on the modifications in the hippocampal levels of NF-KB, AP-1, S100B and GFAP as a consequence of alloxan induced diabetes.
Material and Methods: This experimental study included 24 adult male C57B15/J mice. Diabetes was induced by injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg; i.p.). Sodium valproate was administrated (100 mg/kg; i.p) every 72 hours for two months. Fasting blood sugar levels were measured at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Then animals were killed, their hippocampuses were extracted and prepared for measurement of biochemical factors by ELISA kits.
Results: Increased blood glucose levels due to alloxan induced diabetes were significantly reduced following sodium valproate administration (P<0.05). Also, chronic sodium valproate administration in diabetic animals significantly reduced elevated levels of hippocampal NF- KB, S100B and GFAP (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that sodium valproate can adjust diabetes induced modifications in the biochemical factors of the hippocampus which are indicators of cell damage, and maybe effective in prevention of diabetic neuropathy
Mahnaz Amiri, Roshanak Rezaee Kalantari, Majid Kermani, Mr Mojtaba Yeganeh, Mitra Gholami,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2019)
Abstract
Background and Aims: Chlorpyriphos is one of the most important widely used pesticides in agriculture, which is discharged into the water resources and is associated with various adverse effects on human health and the environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate chlorpyriphos removal by chitosan graphene oxide composite form aquatic solution.
Materials and Methods: The characteristics of adsorptive material was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). First, the pHzpc was determined.Then, the effect of different parameters such as the amount of adsorbent, contact time, pH, initial concentration of chlorpyriphos and temperature were studied through batch method in order to obtain optimal conditions for the adsorption process. Then optimal pH under constant conditions was determined. Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic equations of adsorption were investigated and concentration of chlorpyriphos was determined.
Results: The highest removal efficiency was 93% which was observed at pH=5, 60 minutes contact time and 0.8 g/L of adsorbent concentration and initial concentration of 1 mg/l for chlorpyriphos. The results showed that adsorption process followed pseudo-second order kinetics and equations data followed Langmuir isotherms model. Evaluation of thermodynamic parameters showed that the process of chlorpyrifos removal was endothermic and spontaneous.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study chitosan graphene oxide composite can be a suitable adsorptive material for removal of chlorpyrifos from aquatic solutions.
Seyed Saeed Tabatabaee, Saeideh Moosavi, Soheyka Gholami, Shoayb Rafiei, Miss Azam Molapour, Rohollah Kalhor,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays, patient safety culture is recognized as an important issue in providing high quality services for the patients around the world. Unsafe care and services can lead to mortality, disability, prolonged hospitalization and increased costs of treatment. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the errors associated with the labels of pathology samples in Qazvin hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed on the basis of a census sampling and included samples obtained from the operating rooms of five educational hospitals in Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2018. A standard checklist was used to collect information. Our professors and pathologists determined validity and reliability of the checklist by Cronbach's alpha of 0.89. Using SPSS 21 the results were analyzed by statistical indices.
Results: Among 1164 biopsy samples, 6425 errors were detected. The highest error rates were related to lack of registration of the patient's age (564 cases; 48.4%), lack of registration of the name of the of the patients' fathers (562 cases; 48.2%), and lack of recording the number of biopsies (558; 47.9%) and the lowest rates of errors included empty container (10 cases; 0.86%), lack of recording the number of specimens (14 cases; 1.2%) and lack of using appropriate fixative (16; 1.37 %) respectively.
Conclusion: Regarding the frequency of labeling errors in the pre-analytical phase in the pathology ward, use of bar code imprinted in the sample containers, lack of using paper applications, use of radio frequency chip technology, use of a re-checking system and improvement of communication in the operating rooms can result in reducing these errors.
Parand Pourghane, Parand Pourghane, Arash Pourgholaminejad,
Volume 28, Issue 6 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The importance of oral and dental health is more in the elderly than other age groups and various factors can affect it. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of oral and dental health in the elderly with the amount of salivary immunoglobulin-A (IgA), the presence of chronic and systemic diseases, and some demographic indicators such as age, gender, residential place, marital status, economic status, compliance with oral and dental hygiene, smoking and educational level. It seems that the aforementioned factors are related to the oral and dental health of the elderly.
Materials and Methods: In this systematic review we searched Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed and SID databases for Persin and English articles between 2010 and 2020. Finally, 19 articles were selected.
Results: Based on our literature review, it seems that the presence of age-related diseases, whether chronic or systemic can influence the oral and dental health. Moreover, increased salivary IgA levels could be directly associated with oral and dental problems. Some other factors including better economic status and maintenance of oral and dental health can be related to the improvement of the oral health specially in the elderly. Although, higher education level, city of residence, lack of smoking habit, gender and marital status did not show definite effects on maintaining oral- dental health, but can affect this process.
Conclusion: Consequently, self-care educations for maintaining the oral-dental health and also follow up of the old patients with chronic systemic diseases had positive effects on the improvement of the oral and dental health.
Dr Majid Gholami-Ahangaran, Dr Maryam Karimi-Dehkordi,
Volume 29, Issue 5 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2024)
Abstract
Background and aim: So far, no significant success has been achieved in the specific treatment of coronavirus infections. Considering that herbal medicines have beneficial effects, using herbal compounds in mild coronavirus infections can be effective. The purpose of this study is to review recent studies on the effectiveness of herbal medicines in inhibiting human coronaviruses and to increase awareness for using herbal compounds as supportive medicines in reducing the severity of coronavirus infections.
Materials and methods: PubMed databases were used to search for articles containing the terms coronavirus, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), as well as human and herbal medicine. The inclusion criteria were all full articles with the above-mentioned keywords and the exclusion criteria were summary articles and articles presented in conferences. A total of 35 articles on human coronaviruses were found. Most of the studies were about Covid-19 with 17 articles (48.57%). Eight articles (23.85%) were found on SARS and only one article (2.85%) on MERS. Nine articles (25.71%) on other human coronaviruses were searched and used.
Results: Some of the key compounds showing promising effects for the treatment of coronavirus in humans include scutellarein, silvestrol, tryptanthrin, psychosaponin B2, and lectins such as griffithsin, lycorine, and polyphenolics including quercetin, myristicin, caffeic acid, and isobavachalcone. The conducting clinical trials on humans, in vitro and in vivo tests are required to determine the level of safety, as well as to determine the therapeutic level for each compound.
Conclusion: Although some herbal compounds were considered for treatment in coronavirus; initial studies can focus on compounds that are already approved for medicinal use. It is hoped that using the information provided in this study, researchers will use the derivatives of natural compounds in the process of producing safe and effective anti-coronavirus therapeutic agents.
Farshad Arghavani, Dr Khalil Gholami, Dr Yadolah Zarezadeh,
Volume 29, Issue 6 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the components and methods of microergonomics used in higher education in the studies conducted in this field by the method of synthesis. The methodological approach in this study was qualitative using synthesis research and content analysis method.
Materials and Methods: Regardless of the time frame 105 articles were found by referring to the reliable article and scientific databases, in the field of microergonomics in higher education. Among these articles, 14 were selected as samples purposefully.
Results The findings of his study revealed the most important indicators identified in the field of microergonomics research in higher education, which included the ergonomic design of teaching and learning equipment, supplies and tools, matching of the body dimensions and the dimensions of tables and chairs used, the ergonomic design of university spaces, ergonomics for order, discipline, cleaning, repairs and maintenance, special ergonomics for women and older people, ergonomics in performing tasks and determining workload, environmental ergonomics and atmospheric conditions and also general ergonomics education.
Conclusion: Microergonomics is one of the most important sciences whose implementation is needed in higher education, and it plays a role in the health of academics and in making teaching and learning more effective.
Jalileh Ebn Abbas, Samaneh Rouhi, Hamed Jafarpour, Khadijeh Taherkhani, Sanaz Ahmadi, Bijan Nouri, Rasool Nasiri Kalmarzi, Farshid Gholami, Arya Jafari, Nasrin Yaghoobi,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) with multiple drug resistance is one of the most important problems in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis. The purpose of this research is to investigate the prevalence of P. aeruginosa isolated with multiple drug resistance in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis.
Materials and Methods: Articles between 2008 and 2022 were searched. To perform the meta-analysis, STATA 14 software was used both in the fixed model and in the random effects model. To check the heterogeneity of the data, the Q-test (p<0.10) was used with the chi-square χ2 distribution at the 95% confidence level. Two-sided statistical tests were performed with α=0.05.
Results: The highest (100%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99-1.00) and the lowest (4%, 95% CI: 0.02-0.09) prevalence was in 2021. In cross-sectional studies, the prevalence of 44% (95% CI: 0.21-0.68, odds ratio (OR) = 1.55), and in the cohort, 52% (95% CI: 0.26-0.77, OR = 1.68) was observed. Prevalence of both age groups; <20 (95% CI: 0.09-0.97, OR = 1.7, p = 0.000) and ≥ 20 (95% CI: 76. 0.30-0.76, OR = 1.7, p = 0.000) was 53%.
Conclusion: Multiple drug resistance was observed in P. aeruginosa during different years and ages. The findings of this research and the increasing antibiotic resistance of this bacterium indicate the leading challenges in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis, which must be properly managed and treated.
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