Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of double-J stent on the treatment of renal pelvis stones larger than ten mm in the children under 13 years of age by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL).

Material and Methods: This double blind clinical trial included 68 children less than 13 years of age with renal pelvis stones in Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj in 2014. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, double-J stent group (34 patients) and control group (34 patients). 2000 shock waves were given during each period to all subjects. Using SPSS version 18, data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency, ratio, mean, and standard deviation).

Results: The stone sizes in the intervention and control groups were 13.76 ± 2.62 mm 13.91 ± 2.79 mm respectively ( p=0.69). In 58.8% of the children in the intervention group and 76.5% of the patients in the control group, right kidney was involved (p=0.12). Frequencies of post lithotripsy sequela, including fever, hospitalization and steinstrasse, did not show any statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups (p>0.05). Frequencies of urinary tract infection in the intervention and control groups were 23.5% and 5.9%, respectively (p = 0.04).

Conclusion: Rate of kidney stone excretion in children with and without using stent was almost equal. Considering the problems of kidney stents and additional charges, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) is recommended for the treatment of ureteral stones of 8 to 15 mm in diameter.

Keywords: Double-J stent, Children, Extracorporeal Shockwave lithotripsy, ESWL, Kidney stones.

Received: Oct 17, 2015      Accepted: Jan 30, 2016