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Background and Aim: Ovarian torsion is one of the rare causes of emergency surgeries during pregnancy. Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare type of pregnancy characterized by embryo implantation in two different locations. occurence of these two complications at the same time is a very rare condition. In this study, we present a rare case of heterotopic pregnancy accompanied by ovarian torsion.
Patient presentation: A 33-year-old woman with fourth pregnancy presented with abdominal pain and spotting. Based on the last menstrual period, the gestational age was estimated as 7 weeks and 4 days. Ultrasound results revealed a heterotopic pregnancy with a live embryo in the uterus, a live embryo in the fallopian tube, and abundant fluid in the abdomen. Because of the patient’s unstable vital signs, she was operated and we detected a ruptured right tubal pregnancy with a 5 cm ovarian cyst on the same side and two-folded adnexal torsion. Resolution of the torsion, right salpingectomy and removal of the ovarian cyst were performed. Two days after the operation, the intrauterine embryo had no sign of heart activity; therefore, two doses of misoprostol were prescribed for the patient and curettage was performed. The patient was discharged on the next day with a good general condition.
Conclusion: The simultaneous occurance of heterotopic pregnancy and ovarian torsion is a rare condition. In these cases, early diagnosis will help to preserve the ovaries and future fertility and also at the same time, maintain the intrauterine pregnancy.
Keywords: Heterotopic pregnancy, Ovarian torsion, Ovarian cyst, Pregnancy.
 
Received: Nov 8, 2017     Accepted: May 22, 2018

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Background and Aim: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common gynecologic problems among the women of childbearing age. Considering the adverse effects of chemical therapies,  we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of honey and yogurt on vaginal candidiasis.
Material and Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis we searched databases of PubMed, ISI Web of science, Scopus, Cochrane, SID, Magiran ,Irandoc , Google Scholar, using the following sets of keywords: (Vulvovaginal candidiasis, Genital vulvovaginal Candidiasis, Candidiasis, genital vulvovaginal, Candida albicans, Monilial vaginitis, Vaginal yeast infections, Yeast infections, Vaginal, Genital candidiasis, Vulvovaginal moniliasis), (Treatment, Azole, Antifungal agents, Antifungal fungicides, Therapeutic fungicides, clotrimazole, clotrimazole),(honey, Bee-honey),yogurt,(controlled trial, clinical trial)  and their Persian equivalent .Data were analyzed by Stata software. Heterogeneity was assessed by chi-square and I2 index and we used the random effects models to pool the data.
Results: Heterogeneity analysis showed no heterogeneity between the results of studies in regard to complaints of itching, redness and vaginal inflammation and vaginal discharge caused by candida vulvovaginitis. After comparing honey & yogurt group with control group we found (95% CI: 0.09-0.99, p = 0.002, OR = 0.22) for clinical symptom of pruritus and (95% CI: 0.11-0.87; p = 0.026, OR=0.95) for clinical symptoms of redness and inflammation of vulva and vagina and and (95% CI: 0.13-0.82, OR = 0.32, p= 0.018) for vaginal discharge, which were statistically significant.
Conclusion: The results of meta-analysis showed that the effect of honey and yogurt on vaginal candidiasis was statistically significant. Therefore, honey and yogurt can be used as an alternative treatment or in addition to the chemical antifungal drugs in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis.
Keywords: Honey, Yogurt, Vaginal candidiasis, Systematic review, Meta- analysis

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Background and Aim: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a cliniconeurological syndrome presents with various clinical symptoms, like headache, alteration of consciousness, seizures, visual disturbances.
Imaging predominantly shows parieto-occipital white matter changes, with vasogenic edema known as the most accepted pathophysiology.
Case: We report a 22-year-old primigravida who presented in near term pregnancy with seizures. Fallowed by blurred vision. Brain MRI was suggestive of PRES. Carrying out supportive treatment results in Clinical improvement with complete resolution of visual disturbances.
Conclusion: It is important to initiate diagnosis process and prompt treatment in order to  prevent short- and long-term neurological deficits in PRES .