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Showing 2 results for agah
Samar Tavana, , Nazafarin Hatami-Mazinani, Seyed Ruhollah Mousavinasab, Mohammad Amin Agah, Adeleh Sahebnasagh,
Volume 26, Issue 7 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains one of the leading causes of hospital admissions and a common cause of death. Population-based studies assessing the etiology and incidence of CAP are lacking in developing countries. In this prospective study, we assessed the incidence, etiology, and outcomes of CAP in the Iranian population.
Materials and Methods: This five-year hospital based cross-sectional and descriptive study included 357 patients with CAP, between 18 and 95 years of age. Demographic criteria and clinical data of CAP including fever, cough, sputum, dyspnea, hemoptysis, gastrointestinal symptoms and loss of consciousness were recorded. Laboratory findings and prescribed antibiotics were retrieved from the patients’ records. Results of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and sputum specimens and also culture results were recorded.
Paired t-test, independent-samples T Test and chi-square were used to examine the relationships among different variables. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The total number of patients in the study was 384 patients, of which 55.2% were male and 44.8% were female (P value = 0.2). The most common underlying disease was community-acquired pneumonia (35.9%). The most common symptom was productive cough, which was observed in 85.2% of the patients. The most common microorganisms isolated from culture were Staphylococcus aureus (9.1%) and Acinetobacter (8.9%). The most commonly used antibiotic in this study was ceftriaxone (43.3). In addition, Acinetobacter species were the most common pathogen in exudative pleural effusion (51.5%). Among the people with higher than normal ESR, 62.2% were male and 37.8% were female, which showed a significant difference (P = 0.03). Out of 89 deaths following pneumonia, 43.8% were under 65 and 56.2% were over 65 years of age, which was significant (P= 0.01).
Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and higher mortality in the elderly and patients with decreased level of consciousness or underlying obstructive pulmonary disease, it is necessary to conduct detailed examinations for sputum culture at the beginning and administer appropriate treatment, based on the identified pathogen as soon as possible in order to reduce drug resistance.
Mrs Jila Agah, Mrs Roya Baghani, Mohamad Hasan Rakhshani,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim :One of the methods of preparing the cervix for induction of labor is use of drugs. Use of prostaglandins and estradiol is one of these methods. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of estradiol and misoprostol on cervical preparation.
Materials and Methods: This study included 100 pregnant women with Bishop score of less than four who had referred for normal delivery. The participants assigned to groups of misoprostol suppository and estradiol cream by random method. The women were examined every two hours and cervical Bishop score and labor progress were assessed. If uterine contractions were not suitable after 6 hours, induction with oxytocin was performed by the conventional method. Finally, two groups were compared in relation to Bishop score, onset of uterine contractions, lengths of labor stages, rate of cesarean section, and maternal and fetal complications by use of SPSS22 software. p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: After two and four hours, Bishop scores were higher in the estradiol group than those in the misoprostol group (P<0.05). Need for oxytocin in the first and second stages of labor was more in the misoprostol group than in the estradiol group (P=0.001). The duration of the first stage in the misoprostol group was higher compared to that in the estradiol group (P=0.004) and there was no statistically significant difference between the lengths of the second and third stages and the type of delivery. (P > 0.05)
Conclusion: Estradiol cream can be used to prepare the cervix for childbirth. Use of this method, can reduce the duration of the first stage of labor without any complications for mothers and babies. This method can reduce the rate of cesarean section and result in better health of the mothers and babies.
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