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Showing 11 results for Kalantar

Bita Vaseghi, Dr Sedighesadat Naeimi, Dr Khosrov Khademi Kalantari, Dr Abas Rahimi, Dr Alireza Sarmadi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2010)
Abstract

ABSTRACT Background and Aims: In new prospect of motor control, the effect of muscle force is considered important not only in producing movement but also in inducing stability and control of activity. The aim of present study was to evaluate the electrical activity of periarthicular shoulder muscles by surface EMG in order to identify the muscular activity during series of static and dynamic pattern of movements. Materials and Methods: This Quasi experimental study was performed on 30 healthy male and female volunteers with age of 20-30 years and mean age of 23.2±2.9. The subjects were enrolled into this study by simple non-probability sampling and were exposed to different movement patterns randomly. During the experiment the surface EMG of every muscle was recorded. The external load applied to shoulder was assessed at three levels in static as well as dynamic situations. Results: According to the results of this study, increasing the external load on the scapulothoracic muscles caused a significant increase in the activity of the muscles except for upper trapezious muscle in descending phase of the movement (p<0.05). After increasing the external load on shoulder in ascending phase, most of the investigated muscles showed significant differences in their activities. (p<0.05). In static situation by application of external load only teres major muscle showed significant difference in its activity compared to the reference position (p=0.01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that application of external load during ascending phase of push up is more effective than its application during descending phase. It can be claimed that during ascending phase slight increase in external load as low as 2% of body weight, would induce more alterations in muscular activity compared to higher external load such as 4% of body weight, but in static situation no significant change could be detected. Key words: Electromyography, Muscle activity, Shoulder stability. Conflict of Interest: Nill Received: Aug 16, 2010 Accepted: Nov 18, 2010
Farimah Forouhideh, Dr Sedighesadat Naeimi, Dr Khosro Khademi Kalantari , Dr Abas Rahimi, Ali Farhadi,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2011)
Abstract

ABSTRACT Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of one-session of whole body vibration training on isokinetic strength of rotator cuff and shoulder proprioception Materials and Methods: 32 students experienced three positions including control (no vibration), push up with straight elbow and push up with semi flexed elbow (two vibration positions) for 2 minutes with 30 minutes interval between positions. After control position, vibration positions were tested on a random basis by means of a power plate device (Freq: 30Hz and Amp: low ). The isokinetic strength of rotator cuff and shoulder proprioception were measured in angle repositioning test in 3 target angles of 0°, 45° and 90° by means of Kin-Com dynamometer before and after each position. Then the results of 3 positions were compared with one another. Results: Despite decreased dynamic strength of medial rotators after 3 positions, this decrease was significantly less in push up with straight elbow than that in control position (p=0.03). Also there was a significant difference in concentric MPT of lateral rotators between 3 positions so that, control position caused the greatest decline in lateral rotators strength (p=0.01) and push up with straight elbow was more effective than push up with semi flexed elbow (p=0.03). Moreover, There was a significant improvement in angle repositioning in 3 positions but only in zero degree a significant difference was detected between the push up with semi flexed elbow position and the control position (p=0.03). No significant change in muscle strength was found between push up with straight elbow and semi flexed elbow positions. Conclusions: The results of this experiment show that a two minute single-session of whole body vibration is relatively a good stimulation for neuromuscular system in young and healthy individuals. Key words: Whole body vibration training, Rotator cuff muscle strength, Proprioception Conflict of Interest: Nill Received: Aug 16, 2010 Accepted: Nov 15, 2010
Dr Enayatolah Kalantar, Dr Soheila Bairanvand, Habibolah Mohammadi, Dr Tayebeh Faraji, Siroos Shahsavari, Dr Saeed Hakhamanesh,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2011)
Abstract

ABSTRACT Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) is a yeast-like fungus which belongs to the order Dothideales that occurs in Mediterranean, dry and tropical areas where fresh water and marine precipitates can be found on the leaves of the trees. A. pullulans has different applications in various biological fields. Production of pullulan is one of its uses and also it can be used in tasteless polymers as a flavor. Pullulan is a biomaterial factor and is used as a primary material in production of medications and food. Pullulan is used in pharmacologic industry as a binder and oxidative agent. A. pullulans can be used for production of “single cell protein” and also removal of oil spots on the seas, lakes and seashores. It can be used for production of xylanase, sucrase, amylase, and b-galactosidase, glucoamylase. In addition, other important enzymes can be produced which add to the importance of this organism. There are few reports indicating yet another potential of A. pullulans as a probable source of new extracellular and intracellular antimicrobial agents. Considering the above mentioned potentials of A. pullulans, it is clear that this organism is of great importance for various research point of view. Therefore considering the importance of its industrial production (antibiotic, pullulan, single cell protein, removal of environmental pollution, and paint manufacturing industry), we recommend more investigations in the future and its industrial production. Key words: A. pullulans, pullulans, enzyme, antimicrobial activity, Single Cell protein, Environmental control Conflict of Interest: Nill Received: July 4, 2010 Accepted: Dec 22, 2010
Dr Korosh Azizi, Dr Behrooz Davari, Mohsen Kalantari , Sajad Fekri,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2011)
Abstract

ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Gerbillid rodents (Rodentia: Muridae: Gerbillinae) are the most important reservoir hosts of Leishmania major which is the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL). Different gerbil species are reservoirs of ZCL in different parts of Iran. Since Jask City is the most important endemic area in Hormozgan Province and eastern part of Iran, the present study was designed to identify the gerbils' fauna in this city and detect the reservoir hosts of ZCL in Jask City. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study and the rodents were caught in rectangular wire-mesh traps from different areas of the city. The trapped animals were euthanized under chloroform anesthesia. Duplicate impression smears were prepared from the external ears and their morph metric characteristics were measured and recorded. After dissection of the abdomen of the animals by a scalpel liver and spleen of each animal were removed and preserved in a tube containing 70% ethanol and the whole body was incubated in another tube containing 10% formalin and sent to zoology lab for taxidermy and identification of different species. Impression smears were examined for leishman body by means of a light microscope after Giemsa staining. Small parts of spleen and liver of the animals were homogenized and used for DNA extraction. Whole DNA extracted usnig Proteinase K and Phenol/Chloroform/Isoamyl alcohol methods. The variable segment of minicircles of kinetoplast DNA was proliferated by means of nested-PCR technique using species-specific primers (LIN R4-LIN 17 –Lin 19). Results: All the 106 rodents in this study belonged to five species. Meriones persicus was the dominant species (27.35%). Microscopic examination detected the leptomonads in a female specimen of Tatera indica (3.7%), a female specimen of Meriones hurricane (3.85%) and a male specimen of Gerbillus nanus species (5.88%), while leishmania kinetoplast DNA was detected in one femalespecimen of T.indica, 2 female specimens (7/69%) of M.hurrianae, and one female and one male specimen (11/76%) of G.nanus species. The parasites were identified as L. major. Conclusion: Different species of gerbil rodents are active and abundant in the vicinity of human residential areas in Jask City. T. indica, M. hurricane and G. nanus species are reservoir hosts of ZCL in this endemic area. In this study we used molecular assay for detection of ZCL reservoir hosts for the first time in south east part of the country. Infection of G. nanus by L. major was detected for the first time in the world. Key Words: Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Leishmania major, tatera indica, Meriones hurricane, Gerbillus nanus, Nested PCR, Jask, Iran. Conflict of Interest: Nill Received: Dec 25, 2010 Accepted: Apr 6, 2011
Dr Nahid Ghotbi, Dr Majid Mansori, Dr Mohammad Hosein Kalantar, Fardin Gharibi,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2012)
Abstract

ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Ophthalmia neonatorum is a kind of conjunctivitis occurring in infants younger than 4 weeks of age and is the most common eye disease of the newborns. This study compares the effect of tetracycline 1% eye ointment with that of erythromycin 0.5% ophthalmic ointment on decreasing the incidence rate or prevention of neonatal conjunctivitis. Material and Methods: This study was a controlled randomized single blind clinical trial without placebo. The study included 330 term neonates born by normal delivery or cesarean section in the post-delivery ward of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj City from the spring of 2010 to the spring of 2011. The neonates were assigned to three equal groups, A, B and C, every group consisted of 110 neonates. Before intervention, written consent from the parents was obtained. One hour after birth one cm of tetracycline 1% ophthalmic ointment and one cm of erythromycin 0.5% ophthalmic ointment was used for group A and group B respectively. Group C (control group) did not receive any medication. All the infants were examined at the end of the first, second and fourth weeks. Data were introduced into SPSS software and analyzed by chi-square and t-test. Results: Conjunctivitis occurred in 22 (20%), 16 (14.5%) and 25 (22.7%) neonates in tetracycline, erythromycin and control groups respectively. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of conjunctivitis in the control group and considering the complications that can result from neonatal conjunctivitis (especially gonococcal conjunctivitis), prevention of neonatal conjunctivitis seems quite logical. Since use of tetracycline and erythromycin did not led to a significant decrease in the incidence of conjunctivitis, more comprehensive studies on the effect of other drugs such as povidone iodine or silver nitrate to find an appropriate medication for prevention of neonatal conjunctivitis, seems necessary. Key words: Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Neonatal conjunctivitis Received: May 21, 2011 Accepted: Apr 29, 2012 IRCT201101295714N1
Elnaz Akbarzadeh, Dr Jamileh Noroosi, Vahab Piranfar, Dariush Ghasemi, Dr Shiva Mirkalantari, Dr Reza Mirnejad,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2015)
Abstract

Background and Aim: There are few studies on the isolation of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis from patients´ sera. The aim of this study was simultaneous isolation of pathogenic brucella species from human serum samples by multiplex PCR method. Material andMethods: 50 blood and serum samples isolated from patients with clinically suspected brucellosis were inoculated into brucella agar medium and we used multiplex-PCR, with three primers to detect brucella species. We incubated 0.5 ml of serum in Brucella broth for 72 hours at 37 °C in 5% carbon dioxide. To confirm the results of PCR, the PCR products were restricted by restriction enzymes, TaqI and RsaI. Result: From 50 blood samples 4 (8%) cultures were positive. Using biochemical tests and after determination of the characteristics of the positive cases, they were identified as B. melitensis. After multiplex PCR, 9 cases (18%) were positive and 41 cases (82%) were negative. Among the positive sera, B. melitensis was identified in 7 cases (78%) and B. abortus in 2 cases (22%). Of 50 blood samples, 5 (10%) were positive and 45 (90%) were negative for B. melitensis. All the results were confirmed by PCR-RFLP. Conclusion: Our study showed that multiplex PCR method was simple, rapid and is more sensitive for isolation of brucella from serum (especially B. abortus and B. melitensis) in comparison to complete blood. Keywords: Brucella spp., Multiplex-PCR, Serum blood, PCR-RFLP Received: Jul 7, 2014 Accepted: Dec 10, 2014
Sadi Nikanfar, Dr Minoo Kalantari, Zahra Shafiee, Dr Alireza Akbarzadeh-Baghban,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2017)
Abstract

Background and Aim: The aim of the present study was to find out the relationship between the various components of sensorimotor function of hemiplegic lower limb and independency in daily living activities in stroke patients. 

Materials and Method: This was a cross-sectional study which included 40 hemiplegic patients. The patients were between 30 and 70 years of age and  selected on a non random basis from rehabilitation clinics in Tehran. We used Fugel-Meyer assessment in order to assess sensorimotor function of hemiplegic lower limbs. Evaluation of independency in basic and instrumental activity of daily living was performed by using  Barthel Index and  Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. The correlation was analyzed by Spearman coefficient.

Results: There was a significant relationship between hemiplegic lower limb motor function and independency in BADL (P=0.002, r =0.482) and IADL (P=0.001, r =0.494). There was also a significant correlation between hemiplegic lower limb corrdination and speed and independency in BADL (P<0.001, r =0.601) and IADL (P<0.001, r =0.557). Hemiplegic lower limb joint pain had significant correlation only with independency in BADL (P=0.009, r =0.410).

Hemiplegic lower limb sensation and passive joint motion had no significant correlation with independency in BADL and IADL. There was a significant correlation between hemiplegic lower limb sensorimotor function and independency in BADL (P=0.002, r =0.477) and IADL (P<0.001, r =0.495).

Conclusion: The results of our study showed a relationship between hemiplegic lower limb sensorimotor function and independency in daily living activities in the stroke patients. Therefore, different components of the lower extremity sensorimotor function should be considered in the rehabilitation programs for the hemiplegic patients.

Keywords: Sensorimotor function, Lower limb ,BADL, IADL, Hemiplegic.

Received: Oct 24, 2016      Accepted: Jan 23, 2017


Mohsen Moghadasi, Davood Kalantar-Neyestanaki, Morteza Karami-Zarandi, Hossein Ali Rahdar, Seyedesomaye Jasemi, Moammad Mehdi Feizabadi,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2018)
Abstract

Bachground and Aim: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the important caues of nosocomial infection. Resistance to antibiotics specially carbapenem antibiotics is on the increase which can be an alarming sign for healthcare managers and personnel. The aim of this study was to investigate phentypic and genotypic characteristics of carbapenem resistant A. baumannii in the samples obtained from the patients in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran city.
Material and Methods: 100 strains were identified as A. baumannii by biochemical tests and molecular methods. Multiplex PCR method was used for identification of the genes of bla OXA family. Drug susceptibility pattern was determined by disk diffusion method.
Result: Among 100 isolates, 95(95%) were resistant to carbapenem antibiotics( imipenem and meropenem). PCR method was performed to identify blaOXA family genes. 9 isolates had blaOXA-51 gene while 38 had both blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes. 20 isolates were positive for blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-24 genes, 6 isolates had blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-58, and 8 isolates had blaOXA-51, blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-23 genes. 7 isolates were positive for blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58. 4 isolates had blaOXA-51and blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-58 genes. We detected blaOXA-51and blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58 genes in three isolates.
Conclusion: According to our results carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains spread increasingly among hospital units. We found that carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter strains with a high resistance rate are common in the hospitals in Iran.
Mahnaz Amiri, Roshanak Rezaee Kalantari, Majid Kermani, Mr Mojtaba Yeganeh, Mitra Gholami,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2019)
Abstract

Background and Aims: Chlorpyriphos is one of the most important widely used pesticides in agriculture, which is discharged into the water resources and is associated with various adverse effects on human health and the environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate chlorpyriphos removal by chitosan graphene oxide composite form aquatic solution.
Materials and Methods: The characteristics of adsorptive material was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). First, the pHzpc was determined.Then, the effect of different parameters such as the amount of adsorbent, contact time, pH, initial concentration of chlorpyriphos and temperature were studied through batch method in order to obtain optimal conditions for the adsorption process. Then optimal pH under constant conditions was determined. Isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic equations  of adsorption were investigated and concentration of chlorpyriphos was determined.
Results: The highest removal efficiency was 93% which was observed at pH=5, 60 minutes contact time and 0.8 g/L of adsorbent concentration and initial concentration of 1 mg/l for chlorpyriphos. The results showed that adsorption process followed pseudo-second order kinetics and equations data followed Langmuir isotherms model. Evaluation of thermodynamic parameters showed that the process of chlorpyrifos removal was endothermic and spontaneous.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study chitosan graphene oxide composite can be a suitable adsorptive material for removal of chlorpyrifos from aquatic solutions.
Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad , Ghasem Janbabaei , Behzad Kalantari, Alireza Darrudi, Hamed Dehnavi,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2020)
Abstract

Background and Aim: Equitable distribution of health system resources and hospital beds is crucial for an acceptable level of health for all the people of the country. The aim of this study was to examine the equity in distribution of hospital beds in Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive and cross sectional study data were collected from Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Iranian statistics Center. The study population consisted of all Iranian hospitals in 2016. The equity in the distribution of hospitals’ beds was evaluated using the Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient. Excel software was used for data analysis.
Results: Iranian population was 79,926,270 and there were 930 hospitals with 118,894 beds in 2016. (1.2 hospitals per 100,000 population and 1.5 hospital beds per 1000 population). Yazd, Semnan and Tehran provinces had the highest hospital beds per 1000 population. About 17% of the total hospitals and 22% of the hospital beds were located in Tehran. The Gini coefficient for hospital bed distribution among Iranian provinces was 0.107. Distribution of the hospital beds was equitable in Alborz and Yazd provinces and inequitable in North Khorasan, Sistan & Baluchestan and Charmahal & Bakhtiary provinces.
Conclusion: The distribution of hospital beds among Iranian provinces has been fair. However, hospital beds were not distributed equitably among the cities in the provinces and were concentrated in the capital cities of the provinces of the country. Healthcare policymakers should take appropriate measures to reduce inequality in the distribution of hospital beds.
 


Alimohamad Mosadeghrad, Ghasem Janababie, Behzad Kalantari, Mahya Abbasi, Hamed Dehnavi,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2021)
Abstract

Background and aim: Approximately 85% of Iranian hospitals are general hospitals. Considering the limitation of resources, improvement of hospital efficiency is an absolute necessity. Efficiency, as the output-input ratio, indicates the use of the lowest amount of inputs to produce the greatest amount of outputs. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of general hospitals in Iran and identification of the factors affecting the efficiency of the hospitals.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study we used the Pabon Lasso model and three performance indicators. i.e., bed occupancy rate (BO), the average length of stay (ALS), and hospital bed turnover (BT) to determine the efficiency of the Iranian general hospitals in 2017. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and charts were drawn using Power BI software.
Results: There were 834 general hospitals with 108257 beds in Iran in 2017. The average BO, ALS, and BT were 62.8%, 2.6 days, and 93 times respectively. Only 15% of the general hospitals were located in zone III of the Pabon lasso model and had acceptable efficiency (high BO and BT). Factors such as hospital ownership, type, size, age of hospital building, and staff number were significantly related to hospital efficiency. Private and social security hospitals, non-teaching hospitals, and hospitals with 100-200 beds and 2-4 staff per bed had more efficiency in comparison to the teaching hospitals.
Conclusion: Because of the low efficiency of most general hospitals policymakers and senior managers should take necessary measures for the improvement of the efficiency of the hospitals.
 

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مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
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