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Showing 4 results for Baghani
Nematollah Heidarloo, Hamid Reza Baghani, Prof. Seyed Mahmoud Reza Aghamiri,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Beam shaper applicator is one of the dedicated applicators for intraoperative electron radiotherapy which is usually employed for large tumors irradiation. Due to the high weight and lack of possibility of direct placement on the patient’s body, a considerable air gap exists between the applicator and patient. Therefore, determination of the effective position of electron source (SSDeff) is absolutely necessary to correct the applicator output for air gap effect and accurate delivery of the prescribed dose to the patient. The aim of this study was to determine the SSDeff for all square fields of beam shaper applicator at different electron energies using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation.
Materials and Methods: At first, the head of LIAC accelerator and beam shaper applicator were simulated by MCNPX MC code and then, the validity of the simulated model was evaluated through comparing the calculated percentage depth dose (PDD) curves at different field sizes and energies with the corresponding practiacal values. After verifying the simulated model, the SSDeff was determined for different field sizes and electron energies using inverse square law (ISL) method.
Results: The results showed that the SSDeff is a function of electron energy and radiation field size. Dependency of SSDeff on field size variations was much more than that on the alterations in the electron energy. Generally, increase in the field size or electron energy led to increase in SSDeff.
Conclusion: The determined SSDeff values for the electron beam of the beam shaper applicator in our study, can be used to correct the electron beam output for clinical purposes.
Mrs Roya Baghani, Mrs Nasim Pajohan,
Volume 27, Issue 6 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Amniotic fluid is an effective indicator for placental function and fetal development. Evaluating amniotic fluid volume is one of the main ways to assess fetal health. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the amniotic fluid index on pregnancy consequences in Sabzevar City.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 240 pregnant women referring to Shahidan Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar. Based on the amniotic fluid index, the women were divided into three groups: normal amniotic fluid, borderline index and less than 5 cm. All maternal and neonatal consequences were investigated in the three groups. Using SPSS-ver. 20 software, chi-square and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis.
Results: There was a significant difference among the three groups in terms of cesarean, meconium excretion, and neonatal hospitalization rates in newborn intensive care unit. In the oligohydramnios group; the above mentioned variables were higher than in the other two groups (p<0.05). There were no significant difference among the three groups in regard to Apgar scores of 1 and 5 minutes, oxytocin consumption in the first and second stages of labor and neonatal weight (p>0.05). There was no neonatal death in the three groups.
Conclusion: The results showed that oligohydramnios is one of the important factors affecting pregnancy outcome. We found no significant difference in adverse pregnancy consequences between pregnancies with borderline and normal amniotic fluid index. Our study does not support the benefits of intensive care in evaluating the prenatal fetus in pregnancy with borderline amniotic fluid.
Mrs Jila Agah, Mrs Roya Baghani, Mohamad Hasan Rakhshani,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim :One of the methods of preparing the cervix for induction of labor is use of drugs. Use of prostaglandins and estradiol is one of these methods. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of estradiol and misoprostol on cervical preparation.
Materials and Methods: This study included 100 pregnant women with Bishop score of less than four who had referred for normal delivery. The participants assigned to groups of misoprostol suppository and estradiol cream by random method. The women were examined every two hours and cervical Bishop score and labor progress were assessed. If uterine contractions were not suitable after 6 hours, induction with oxytocin was performed by the conventional method. Finally, two groups were compared in relation to Bishop score, onset of uterine contractions, lengths of labor stages, rate of cesarean section, and maternal and fetal complications by use of SPSS22 software. p<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: After two and four hours, Bishop scores were higher in the estradiol group than those in the misoprostol group (P<0.05). Need for oxytocin in the first and second stages of labor was more in the misoprostol group than in the estradiol group (P=0.001). The duration of the first stage in the misoprostol group was higher compared to that in the estradiol group (P=0.004) and there was no statistically significant difference between the lengths of the second and third stages and the type of delivery. (P > 0.05)
Conclusion: Estradiol cream can be used to prepare the cervix for childbirth. Use of this method, can reduce the duration of the first stage of labor without any complications for mothers and babies. This method can reduce the rate of cesarean section and result in better health of the mothers and babies.
Dr. Reza Shamsabadi, Dr. Hamid Reza Baghani,
Volume 30, Issue 2 (Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cancer treatment using ionizing radiation is an effective modality for the management and control of various cancers. The presence of oxygen inside the cell causes various damages to the DNA molecule. The purpose of this study is to calculate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of low-energy X-rays during cancer treatment using intraoperative radiotherapy at different oxygen concentrations within the cell through a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation approach.
Materials and Methods: To estimate the RBE values in this study, the secondary electron spectrum, which was emitted from 1 cm after the bare probe surface, was calculated with the Geant4-validated MC model of the INTRABEAM system. After the calculation of the secondary electron energy spectrum, the RBE values of the emitted low-energy X-rays from the INTRABEAM system at different cell oxygen concentrations were calculated by the MCDS MC code.
Results: The results showed that the RBE values increase with the oxygen concentration increment in the cell. When the oxygen concentration increments from 0 to 100%, the RBESSB and RBEDSB values increase by about 1.6 and 2.3 times, respectively. Furthermore, in most of the studied oxygen concentrations, the RBEDSB values were greater than unity, which indicates the high relative biological effectiveness of the considered low-energy X-rays compared to high-energy photons.
Conclusion: Accordingly, it can be concluded that cell oxygen level is one of the influential factors for RBE assessments relevant to the emitted X-rays from the INTRABEAM system, where the cell sensitivity to the ionizing radiation decreases at low-oxygen levels.
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