Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
مجله علمي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي كردستان
SJKU
General
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir
54
journal54
1560-652X
2345-4040
sjku
10.61186/sjku
en
jalali
1398
12
1
gregorian
2020
3
1
25
1
online
1
fulltext
fa
موانع و تسهیل کننده های اجتماعی شدن حرفه ای در پرستاری: یک مرور سیستماتیک
Barriers and Facilitators of Professional Socialization in Nursing: A Systematic Review
عمومى
General
كاربردي
Applicable
<div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="background:white;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اجتماعی ­شدن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حرفه ­ای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عنوان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یک موضوع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مهم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاری، فرآیندی است که طی آن پرستاران تازهکار به پرستاران حرفه ­ای با عملکرد مناسب تبدیل می ­شوند. </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اجتماعی ­شدن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ضروریات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حرفه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مراقبتی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بوده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رابطه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مستقیمی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با کیفیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خدمات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارائه ­شده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">توسط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاران را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارد؛ لذا </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف از انجام این مطالعه، </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موانع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و تسهیل کننده ­های اجتماعی ­شدن حرفه ­ای پرستاران است.</span></span><strong><span dir="LTR" style="background:white;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></strong><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مواد و روش</span></span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">­</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ها</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مروری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روش</span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Broom</span></span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرفت. مطالعات متناسب با هدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهشی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زبان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انگلیسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فارسی که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دسترسی به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">متن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کامل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آنها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ممکن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بود،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وارد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شدند. کلیدواژههای مورد استفاده شامل اجتماعی­ شدن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حرفه ­ای،</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاری، موانع و تسهیل­ کننده بود.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافتن مطالعات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پایگاه­های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اطلاعاتی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">معتبر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فارسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بینالمللی</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">,</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">SID</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Magiran</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> Iranmedex</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> Google Scholar</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> Medline</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> Scopus</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> Elsevier</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> Pubmed</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> Sciencedirect</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شد. در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نهایت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">31</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقاله</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وارد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شدند.</span></span><span style="font-family:bnazanin,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"></span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافته­ ها:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> یافته­ ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نشان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دادند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عوامل سازمانی، سیستم جذب نامناسب دانشجویان،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فاصله</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تئوری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">عمل و دیدگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جامعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نسبت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حرفه پرستاری،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موانع اجتماعی ­شدن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">حرفه ­ای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بودند. همچنین اصلاح منابع و ساختار آموزشی، فراهم ­کردن محیط آموزشی پذیرا، استفاده از الگوهای شایسته، توانمندی فردی و حرفه­ ای پرستاران از تسهیل کننده­ های این فرآیند بودند.</span></span><br>
<strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نتیجه ­گیری:</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> اجتماعی­ شدن مؤثر در حرفه پرستاری مستلزم فراهم ­بودن شرایط و تمهیدات در عرصه آموزش و خدمات است. </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مدیران پرستاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارتقاء</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کیفیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">خدمات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درمانی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رضایت­مندی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بیماران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بایستی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">موانع</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اجتماعی­ شدن را مورد توجه قرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">داده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در جهت رفع این موانع تلاش کنند.</span></span></div>
<strong>Background and Aim</strong><strong>:</strong> Professional socialization, as a major issue in nursing, is a process during which novice nurses become professiona nurses with good fanction. Professional socialization of nurses is essential in this caring profession and has a direct link with the quality of provided services. Therefore, aim of this study is to assesed the barriares and facilitators of professional socialization of nurses.<br>
<strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This review conducted based on the Broom approach. The studies related to the purpose of study, with English or Persian language, that the full text was accessible, were included in the study, Key words used include professional socialization, nursing, barriers and facilitators. Persian and International accredited online databases such as Magiran, SID, Iranmedex, Pubmed, google scholar, MEDLINE, Scopus, Elsevier and Sciencedirect were used. Ultimately 31 articles were included.<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
<strong>Results:</strong> results showed that organizational factors, inadequate student selection system, gap between theory and practice, and perspectives of the community to the nursing profession were barriers to nurses' professional socialization. Also, reforming resources and educational structure, providing an accessible learning environment, using proper role models, empowering individual and professional nurses, were facilitators of this process.<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Effective profession socialization in the nursing requires the provision conditions and Arrangements in the field of education and services. So, nursing managers need to consider barriers of professional socialization and apply the necessary measures to eliminate these barriers in order to improve the quality of care and patient satisfaction.<span dir="RTL"></span><br>
<span dir="RTL"></span>
اجتماعی شدن حرفه ای, پرستاری, موانع, تسهیل کننده, مرور سیستماتیک
Professional socialization, Nursing, Barriers, Facilitator, systematic review
62
75
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3435-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Fatemeh
Darban
فاطمه
دربان
fatemehdarban@gmail.com
5400319475328460056896
5400319475328460056896
No
Instructor, Nursing Department, schoole of Nursing and Midwifery, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایرانشهر، ایرانشهر، ایران
Enayatolla
Safarzai
عنایت الله
صفرزایی
e.safarzai@gmail.com
5400319475328460056897
5400319475328460056897
No
Ali-Abn Abatyib Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
، بیمارستان علیابن ابیطالب، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زاهدان، زاهدان، ایران
batool
tirgary
بتول
تیرگری
batool.tirgary@gmail.com
5400319475328460056898
5400319475328460056898
No
Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
مرکز تحقیقات پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران
Parvin
Mangolian shahrebabaki
پروین
منگلیان شهربابکی
mangolian167@gmail.com
5400319475328460056899
5400319475328460056899
No
Nursing Research Center, Department of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Razi, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
مرکز تحقیقات پرستاری، گروه پرستاری مراقبتهای ویژه، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی رازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران
jamileh
farokhzadian
جمیله
فرخ زادیان
farokhzadian2010@yahoo.com
5400319475328460056900
5400319475328460056900
Yes
Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
مرکز تحقیقات پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران