other تأثیر شدت تمرینات استقامتی (کم، متوسط و زیاد) بر بیان ATGL عضله اسکلتی، سطوح گلوکز و انسولین موش‌های صحرایی دیابتی عمومى General پژوهشي اصیل Original Research <strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></span></strong> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف از این مطالعه بررسی</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تأثیر شدت های مختلف تمرینات استقامتی (کم، متوسط و زیاد) بر بیان پروتئینی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ATGL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> عضله اسکلتی</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">،</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> سطوح سرمی</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گلوکز و انسولین موش‌های صحرایی دیابتی بود.</span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روش بررسی</span></span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">:</span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">40 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار دیابتی شده با استرپتوزوسین به صورت تصادفی ساده به پنج گروه هشت تایی شامل</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">;</span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> گروه دیابتی همراه با تمرین استقامتی کم شدت (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)، تمرین استقامتی با شدت متوسط ( </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DM</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) ، تمرین استقامتی با شدت زیاد ( </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DH</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)، گروه کنترل دیابتی (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">D</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) و گروه کنترل (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Con</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) سالم تقسیم شدند. تمرین استقامتی به مدت هشت هفته، سه جلسه در هفته با شدت کم (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) معادل سرعت 8-5 متر بر دقیقه، با شدت متوسط( </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DM</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) معادل سرعت 17-14 متر بر دقیقه و با شدت بالا ( </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DH</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)معادل سرعت 25-22 متر بر دقیقه انجام شد. بیان نسبی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ATGL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> با تکنیک وسترن</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">‌</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بلات و گلوکز و انسولین سرم با کیت تخصصی &nbsp;اندازه‌گیری شد. از آزمون آماری </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ANOVA</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> جهت تعیین تفاوت بین گروه‌ها استفاده شد.</span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافته‌ها</span></span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">: نتایج نشان داد بیان </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ATGL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> بین گروه‌های کنترل و گروه‌های تمرین (با شدت کم، متوسط و زیاد) تفاوت معناداری داشت (0002/0=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">p</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">). این تفاوت بین گروه‌های تمرین با </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DH</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> با گروه </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">D</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (0049/0</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">P=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)، گروه‌های تمرین با </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DH</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (0053/0</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">P=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) و</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> DH</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DM</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (0136/0</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">P=</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) معنی دار بود</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> سطوح سرمی گلوکز نیز بین </span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گروه</span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DH </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با گروه‌های </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">D</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (002/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">p</span></span></span><strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DL</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (039/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">p</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) و همچنین ، گروه </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DM </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با گروه‌ه </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">D</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (0018/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">p</span></span></span><strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">)</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DM</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> &nbsp;تفاوت معنی‌داری داشت. مقدار انسولین نیز در گروه </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DH</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> در مقایسه با گروه‌های </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DL</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (011/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">p</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">D</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (0002/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">p</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) و نیز گروه </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">DM</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> با </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">D</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> (014/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">p</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) تفاوت معنی‌داری داشت. </span></span><br> <strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نتیجه‌گیری</span></span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">: تمرین استقامتی با شدت متوسط و زیاد می‌تواند تا حدودی کاهش ناشی از دیابت در بیان پروتئین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ATGL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> را جبران و باعث کاهش سطح سرمی انسولین و گلوکز در موش‌های دیابتی شود. به نظر می‌رسد شدت بالاتر تمرین استقامتی، افزایش بیشتری در بیان </span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ATGL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> در موش‌های دیابتی ایجاد کند.</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">واژگان کلیدی</span></span></span></strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">: دیابت،</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ATGL</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">، شدت تمرین استقامتی، انسولین، گلوکز</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">وصول مقاله: 25/7/96 اصلاحیه نهایی:3/11/96 پذیرش:9/11/96</span></span></span> <strong>Background and Aim</strong>: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training intensity (low, moderate and high) on the expression of skeletal muscle ATGL protein and serum levels of insulin and glucose in male diabetic rats.<br> <strong>Material and Method</strong><strong><span dir="RTL">:</span></strong> 40 streptozotocin induced diabetic male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups of eight, including low (DL , moderate (DM) and high intensity (DH) endurance training diabetic groups, diabetic control group (D), and healthy control group (Con). Three sessions of endurance training with low intensity (DL<span dir="RTL">(</span> equivalent to 5-8 m / min, moderate intensity (DM) equivalent to 17-14 m / min and high intensity (DH) equivalent to 25-22 m / min were performed every week for eight weeks. The relative expression of ATGL protein was measured with western blot technique. Serum insulin and glucose levels were measured by ELISA method. To determine the difference between the groups we used one way ANOVA test.<br> <strong>Result:</strong> The results showed a significant difference in the expression of ATGL between the control and training groups (with low, moderate and high intensity) (p=0.0002). This difference was significant between DH and D (p=0.0049), DH and DL (p = 0.0053) and also between DH and DM (P = 0.0136) groups. Serum glucose levels were also significantly different between the DH group with the groups D (p = 0.002) and DL (p = 0.039), also, the DM group with groups D (p = 0.0018) and DL (p = 0.0165). There was a significant difference in the amount of insulin in the DH group compared to the groups DL (p = 0.011), D (p = 0.0002), and the DM group with D (p = 0.014).<br> &nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Moderate and high intensity endurance training can to some extent compensate for diabetes-induced reduction in the expression of ATGL protein and cause reduction of serum insulin and glucose levels in diabetic rats. It seems higher intensity of endurance training can lead to greater increase in expression of ATGL in diabetic rats.<br> <strong>Keywords</strong>: Diabetes, ATGL, Endurance training intensity, Insulin, Glucose.<br> &nbsp;<br> <strong>Received:</strong> Oct 17, 2017&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <strong>Accepted:</strong> Jan 29, 2018 دیابت,ATGL, شدت تمرین استقامتی, انسولین, گلوکز Diabetes, ATGL, Endurance training intensity, Insulin, Glucose. 92 102 http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-520&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Mohammad Hasan Dashti Khavidaki محمد حسن دشتی خویدکی 5400319475328460018847 5400319475328460018847 No Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran. گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهرکرد ایران، Mohammad Faramarzi محمد فرامرزی md.faramarzi@gmail.com 5400319475328460018848 5400319475328460018848 Yes Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران Akbar Azamian Jazi اکبر اعظمیان جزء 5400319475328460018849 5400319475328460018849 No Shahrekord University,Shahrekord, Iran. گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران Ebrahim Banitalebi ابراهیم بنی طالبی 5400319475328460018850 5400319475328460018850 No Shahrekord University, Iran. گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران