fa مقایسه تاثیر کلاس وارونه (Class Flipped ) و روش سنتی بر رضایت، مشارکت فعال و میزان یادگیری در یک دوره آموزش مداوم پزشکان عمومی عمومى General پژوهشي اصیل Original Research <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">زمینه</span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">و هدف</span></strong><strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;دانش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">اندوخته</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">با</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مرور</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">زمان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دچار</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">کاهش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">می یابد،</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بنابراین</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">جایگاه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دوره های</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بازآموزی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">برای</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بسیار</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مهم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">است</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;روش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">صورت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">وارونه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">یا</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">همان</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"> Flipped classroom </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">یک</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روش آموزشی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">ترکیبی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">است که در ان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">محتوی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزشی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">با</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">استفاده</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">فناوریهای نوین</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">خارج</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">کلاس</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">فراگیران</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">ارائه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">می</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شود</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;این مطالعه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">با</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">هدف</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">تعیین</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بررسی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">تاثیر</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">استفاده</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">کلاس</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">وارونه</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"> (Flipped Class) </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">بر</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">رضایت،</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مشارکت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">فعال</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">میزان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">یادگیری</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در دوره</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">خاص</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداوم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">عمومی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مرکز</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداوم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دانشگاه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">علوم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">کردستان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">سال</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">1396</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">انجام</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شد</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">روش بررسی </span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">: در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مطالعه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">که به صورت </span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b zar;">مداخله</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">ای</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">طراحی شده بود، تعداد</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">120</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نفر</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">عمومی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شاغل</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شهرستان سنندج</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مشمول</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">قانون</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداوم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بودند، وارد مطالعه شدند و &nbsp;با</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">تخصیص</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">تصادفی به </span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b zar;">دو</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداخله </span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">&nbsp;)</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">کلاس</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">وارونه</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">( </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مقایسه </span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">&nbsp;)</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">کلاس سنتی</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">( </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;تقسیم شدند. ابزارهای جمع آوری داده در &nbsp;این مطالعه شامل پرسشنامه رضایت سنجی محقق ساخته، چک لیست محقق ساخته جهت سنجش مشارکت فعال ، سئوالات پس از آزمون برای سنجش میزان یادگیری بود. شروع</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">فعالیتهای</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">یادگیری</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداخله</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دو</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">هفته</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">قبل</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روز تعیین شده جهت برگزاری دوره حضوری ، </span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b zar;">آغاز</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شد. گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مقایسه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">تا</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روز</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">برگزاری</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دوره</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بازآموزی، </span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزشی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دریافت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نکردند</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">و تنها</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آنها</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">اطلاع</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">رسانی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از طریق سامانه اموزش مداوم و ارسال نامه انجام شد. در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداخله</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به صورت درخواست یافتن</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پاسخ</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">برای سوالات</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">ارایه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شد</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مقایسه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">معمول</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">سخنرانی، &nbsp;آموزشهای</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">خود</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">را</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دریافت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نمودند</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">نتایج</span></strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">:&nbsp; نتایج</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مطالعه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نشان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">داد</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">افراد</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شرکت کننده هر دو گروه </span>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b zar;">از برگزاری</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دوره</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بازآموزی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">رضایت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">داشتند</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;با</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">اینحال</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">میانگین</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">رضایت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">برگزاری</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دوره</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بازآموزی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">طور معنی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">داری</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداخله</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بیشتر</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مقایسه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بود</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">. (P= 0.001) </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">میانگین</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نمره</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پس</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آزمون در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداخله (2.25</span> <span style="font-family:cambria,serif;">&plusmn;</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">15.50</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">)&nbsp; به طور معنی داری بیشتر از گروه مقایسه ( 2.18</span><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;">&plusmn;</span><span style="font-family:b zar;">12.85)</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بود (</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">P= 0.0001</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">)</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">. همچنین</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">میانگین</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نمره</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مشارکت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شرکت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">کننده</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بازآموزی نیز</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">گروه مداخله</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">) </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">1.71&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;">&plusmn;</span><span style="font-family:b zar;">9.01) با اختلاف معنی داری نسبت به گروه مقایسه (2.02&nbsp;</span><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;">&plusmn;</span><span style="font-family:b zar;"> 7.6)</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">&nbsp;بیشتر بود </span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">(P= 0.0001)</span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">.</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">نتیجه</span></strong> <strong><span style="font-family:b zar;">گیری: </span></strong>&nbsp;<span style="font-family:b zar;">نتایج</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مطالعه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نشان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">داد</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">وارونه</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"> (Flipped Classroom) </span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;">دربرنامه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداوم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">عمومی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">موثر و مفید است.</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">نه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">تنها</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">یادگیری</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">پزشکان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">را</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">برنامه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مداوم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">افزایش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">میدهد</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بلکه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">با</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">افزایش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">رضایت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مندی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آنان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">زمینه</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">مشارکت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آنان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">سیستم</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بهداشت</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">درمان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">را</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">امر</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">بازآموزی</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">افزایش داده</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">باعث</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">اشتراک</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">تجارب</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">روز</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شدن</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">دانش</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">آنان</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">می</span> <span style="font-family:b zar;">شود</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;">.</span></span><span style="font-family:b zar;"></span> <pre> <strong>Background and Aim:</strong>&nbsp; Physicians&rsquo; knowledge and capabilities decrease over time<u>;</u> therefore, continuous medical education is important. Flipped class is a blended teaching method that inverts instructional cycle by delivering the educational content by innovative technology out-of-class. &nbsp;The aim of this study was to determine the effects of flipped class on satisfaction, active participation, and learning levels in general practitioners attending continuous medical education courses in the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in 2017. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> This interventional study included 120 general practitioners in Sanandaj who were attending the continuous medical education courses. They were randomly assigned to intervention (flipped class) and control (traditional class) groups. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire in order to evaluate participant satisfaction, and a researcher made checklist for evaluation of active participation and a set of post-test questions for assessment of knowledge. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire and the checklist were assessed by using expert panels and measurement of Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha respectively.Two weeks prior to the designated day, the intervention group started educational activities by finding answers to the questions. The control group did not receive any instruction until the designated day of the classes. On the designated day the control group listened to the lectures in traditional way. The educational content delivered to both groups was identical. <strong>Results:</strong>&nbsp; The results of the study showed that all the participants were satisfied with the continuous medical education classes.&nbsp; However, the mean satisfaction level of the re-training period was significantly higher in the intervention group (P = 0.001). The mean post-test score in the intervention group (15.50 &plusmn; 2.25) was significantly higher than that in the control group (12.85 &plusmn; 2.18) (P = 0.0001). Also, the mean score of participation in the intervention group (9.01 &plusmn; 1.71) was significantly higher compared to that in the control group (7.60 &plusmn; 2.02) (P = 0.0001). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of this study showed that flipped classroom strategy was an effective way of continuous education programs for general practitioners. This approach not only improved the knowledge of physicians after continuous medical education programs, but also increased their satisfaction by increasing their active participation. </pre> آموزش وارونه, آموزش مداوم, پزشکان عمومی, یادگیری Inverse education, Flipped Calss, Continuing education, General practitioners, Learning 56 65 http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3309-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mehrnoosh Khoshnoodi Far مهرنوش خشنودی فر 5400319475328460024576 5400319475328460024576 Yes E-learning Planning in Medical Sciences Department, School of Management & Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran گروه برنامه ریزی یادگیری الکترونیکی در علوم پزشکی، دانشکده مدیریت و آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران. Roonak Mohajerpour روناک مهاجرپور 5400319475328460024577 5400319475328460024577 No Department of Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ، دانشکده آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران. Ezatollah Rahimi عزت الله رحیمی 5400319475328460024578 5400319475328460024578 No Department of Internal Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. گروه داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج ایران Daem Roshani دائم روشنی 5400319475328460024579 5400319475328460024579 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سلامت، پژوهشکده توسعه سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج، ایران Yadollah Zarezadeh یدا... زارع زاده Email: y.zarezadeh@muk.ac.ir 5400319475328460024580 5400319475328460024580 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سلامت، پژوهشکده توسعه سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج، ایران