fa بررسی ارتباط پلی مورفیسم 1082G/A ژن گیرنده استروژن با سقط مکرر جنین توسط روش AS-PCR عمومى General پژوهشي اصیل Original Research <p></p> <p dir="RTL" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal"><font color="#000000"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-no-proof: yes">مقدمه: </span></b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">سقط جنین خاتمه غیر ارادی بارداری قبل از هفته بیستم است. سقط جنین اگرچه یک تجربه شایع است، اما این دلیل بر آسان بودن آن نیست و می توان با بررسی دلایل آن به سمت درمان و پیشگیری از این عارضه قدم برداشت . در این میان، زنانی که بیش از سه بار سقط پی در پی را تجربه می کنند دچار سقط مکرر هستند. در سقط مکرر به عنوان یک بیماری چند عاملی مسائل متعددی از جمله اختلالات سیستم ایمنی ، آناتومیک ، هورمونی و ژنتیکی دخیل می</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar""> </span><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">باشند. بیش از 50 درصد موارد ، علتی برای سقط مکرر شناسایی نمی شود . چند شکلی های ژنتیکی می تواند یکی از دلایل سقط مکرر باشد . از جمله عوامل کا ندیدی که در این تحقیق مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد چند شکلی ژن گیرنده استروژن نوع بتا می باشد.</span></font></p> <p></p> <p dir="RTL" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal"><font color="#000000"><b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">روش بررسی:</span></b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> در این مطالعه، 80 زن با سابقه سقط مکرر خود به خودی با علت نامشخص و 80 زن بدون سابقه سقط مکرر و دارای حداقل دو باروری موفق به عنوان گروه شاهد انتخاب شدند. ما در این تحقیق ، بررسی این چند شکلی را با روش </span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"">AS-PCR</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <span lang="FA">انجام داده ایم که نسبت به روش های دیگر بررسی </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"">SNP</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><span lang="FA">روشی آسان تر و کم هزینه تر می باشد.</span></span></font></p> <p></p> <p dir="RTL" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal"><font color="#000000"><b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">یافته ها:</span></b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> فراوانی پلی مورفیسم </span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"">rs1256049</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <span lang="FA">در میان زنان دچار سقط مکرر و زنان گروه کنترل به ترتیب<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>80 % و 5/62% بود. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>فراوانی ژنوتیپ های دو گروه شاهد و بیمار در جمعیت مورد مطالعه با هم تفاوت معنی داری دارد (028/0 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"">p=</span><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> ).</span></font></p> <p></p> <p dir="RTL" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal"><font color="#000000"><b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">نتیجه گیری:</span></b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بین چند شکلی ژن گیرنده استروژن( </span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"">rs1256049 G/A</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> <span lang="FA">) و سقط مکرر در جمعیت مورد مطالعه رابطه آماری معنی داری وجود دارد، بنابراین چند شکلی ژن گیرنده استروژن می</span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar""> </span><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">تواند به عنوان یک ژن کاندید موثر در سقط مکرر</span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar""> </span><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">در این جمعیت معرفی گردد.</span></font></p> <p></p> <p dir="RTL" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt line-height: normal"><font color="#000000"><b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">واژه های کلیدی</span></b><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman""> : پلی‌مورفیسم </span><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"">G/A</span><span lang="FA" style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">1082 ، ژن گیرنده استروژن ، سقط مکرر</span></font></p> <p><font color="#000000"><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="line-height: 107% letter-spacing: -0.3pt font-family: "B Zar" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">وصول مقاله:23/10/93 اصلاحیه نهایی:6/3/94 پذیرش:10/3/94</span></font></p> <p><strong>Background and Aim:</strong> Abortion is spontaneous termination of pregnancy before the 20^th week. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), also referred to as recurrent miscarriage or habitual abortion, is historically defined as 3 consecutive pregnancy losses. There are several known risk factors associated with recurrent miscarriages, including genetic, endocrine, autoimmune, anatomical. Causes of recurrent miscarriages in 50% of the cases remain unexplained. It has been hypothesized that genetic polymorphism in estrogen receptor genes would be associated with recurrent miscarriages.</p> <p><strong>Material and Materials: </strong>This study included 80 patients with a history of three or more consecutive unexplained abortions and 80 women with at least 2 live births without any miscarriage. Then we investigated estrogen receptor gene polymorphism in the participants by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) method.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The frequencies of rs1256149 polymorphisms among the women with recurrent abortions and also the women in the control group were 80% and 62.5 % respectively. There was a significant difference in the genotype frequencies between RPL and the control groups (p=0.028).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> These findings indicated that estrogen receptor polymorphism can be regarded as a genetic marker for recurrent spontaneous abortions.</p> <p><strong>Keyword: </strong>Estrogen receptor gene, Polymorphisms of 1082G/A, Recurrent <font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: ltr"><font color="#000000"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Background and Aim:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt"> Abortion is spontaneous termination of pregnancy before the 20^th week. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), also referred to as recurrent miscarriage or habitual abortion, is historically defined as 3 consecutive pregnancy losses. There are several known risk factors associated with recurrent miscarriages, including genetic, endocrine, autoimmune, anatomical. Causes of recurrent miscarriages in 50% of the cases remain unexplained. It has been hypothesized that genetic polymorphism in estrogen receptor genes would be associated with recurrent miscarriages.</span></font></p> <p></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: ltr"><font color="#000000"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Material and Materials: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">This study included<b> </b>80 patients with a history of three or more consecutive unexplained abortions and 80 women with at least 2 live births without any miscarriage. Then we investigated estrogen receptor gene polymorphism in the participants by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) method.</span></font></p> <p></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: ltr"><font color="#000000"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt"> The frequencies of rs1256149 polymorphisms among the women with recurrent abortions and also the women in the control group were 80% and 62.5 % respectively. There was a significant difference in the genotype frequencies between RPL and the control groups (p=0.028).</span></font></p> <p></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: ltr"><font color="#000000"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt"> These findings indicated that estrogen receptor polymorphism can be regarded as a genetic marker for recurrent spontaneous abortions.</span></font></p> <p></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: left line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: ltr"><font color="#000000"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Keyword: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt">Estrogen receptor gene, Polymorphisms of 1082G/A, Recurrent pregnancy loss. </span></font></p> <p></p> <p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: left line-height: normal unicode-bidi: embed direction: ltr"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt"><font color="#000000"> </font></span></p> <p><font color="#000000"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-GB mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US">Received: </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-GB mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US">Jan </span><span style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 11pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US">13</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-GB mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US">, 2015<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">      </span>Accepted: </b></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 11pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-GB mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US">May</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-GB mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US"> </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 11pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-GB mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US">31</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 107% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-ansi-language: EN-GB mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri mso-fareast-language: EN-US">, 2015</span></font>pregnancy loss.</p> <p></p> <p><strong>Received: </strong>Jan 13, 2015<strong>      Accepted: </strong>May 31, 2015</p> پلی‌مورفیسم G/A1082 , ژن گیرنده استروژن , سقط مکرر Estrogen receptor gene, Polymorphisms of 1082G/A, Recurrent pregnancy loss. 93 101 http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-35&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Sahar Daraei سحر دارایی 540031947532846008610 540031947532846008610 No Seyed Abdolhamid Angaji سید عبدالحمید انگجی 540031947532846008611 540031947532846008611 No Saeed Morovvati سعید مروتی Morovvati@bmsu.ac.ir 540031947532846008612 540031947532846008612 Yes Mohammad Tahmaseb محمد طهماسب 540031947532846008613 540031947532846008613 No Neda Asari ندا عصاری 540031947532846008614 540031947532846008614 No