per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
1
10
article
Evaluation of tuberculosis prevalence and delivered care among close contacts of smear positive tuberculosis patients in Sanandaj from 2009 to 2012
Shoaleh Jafari
1
Ebrahim Ghaderi
ebrahimghaderi@yahoo.com
2
Masoud Valzam
3
Soheila Abadian
4
Abdol Malek Galini
5
Tuberculosis Coordinator of Sanandaj, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, Tel:+98-87-332445169
Sanandaj Health Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Sanandaj Health Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Sanandaj Health Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Background and Aim: Based on TB control program, evaluation of persons in close contact with pulmonary TB patients is very important. Evaluation of assessment process and services provided to close contacts and also evaluation of defects in this process can be helpful for proper planning. In this study we evaluated the prevalence of tuberculosis among close contacts of TB patients and the services provided for them in Sanandaj during 2009-2011.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical) included all persons in close contact with smear positive TB patients, who had been registered in TB control center of Sanandaj according to TB Country Guide, from 2009 towards the end of 2011 (three years). Data of all close contacts of the smear positive tuberculosis patients were obtained from the medical records. The close contacts were evaluated based on history and physical examination. Using SPSS software, data were analyzed by chi-square test and Fisher's exact tests.
Results: In this study, 298 close contacts of TB patients were assessed. According to the records, 248 contacts (83.1%) had been evaluated at the time of diagnosis of tuberculosis in the patients. Also, after completion of TB patient’s treatment, only 111 (37.2%) members of the families had been followed. There were no statistically significant differences between male and female in regard to the services provided to the close contacts (p>0.05). 137 (57.3%) subjects had long term contact and 102 (47.2%) had limited contact (p=0.022). Among those who had been referred to specialist, 4 (23.5%) and 13 (76.5%) subjects had long term and limited contact respectively which showed a significant difference (p=0.012). In this study one new smear positive TB patient was diagnosed.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that about one fifth of close contacts have not been evaluated at the time of diagnosis of TB in the patients and more than half of the contacts had not been followed. Although the percent of services for those with long term contact was higher, essential measures such as medical history and physical examination had not been implemented.
Keywords: Close contacts, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Iran.
Received: Aug 1, 2015 Accepted: Apr 24, 2015
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2416-en.pdf
Close contacts
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Iran
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
11
25
article
Survival and migration of bone marrow derived neurosphere after transplantation into subretinal space in albino rat AMD model
Hamid Abotaleb Kadkhodaeian
1
Takhi Tiraihi
takialtr@modares.ac.ir
2
Hamid Ahmadieh
3
Hossein Ziaiiardakani
4
Narsis Daftarian
5
Taher Taheri
6
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-21-82883895
Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shefa neuroscience Research center, Khatam Al-Anbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Background and Aim: Degenerative retinal diseases are among the common causes of blindness in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate transplantation of neurosphere derived from bone marrow tissue into subretinal space in age related macular degeneration induced by injection of sodium iodate in animal model.
Materials and Methods: 40 mg/kg of sodium iodate was injected into retro-orbital sinus of albino rats. Then histological investigation by flat-mount and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed after 30 days. Bone marrow stromal stem cells isolated from albino rats femur, were cultured in the differentiation medium and induced into floating neurosphere. Differentiated cells were labeled with nuclear anti-BrdU and were transplanted into subretinal space. Seven days after injection, sections were prepared, and survival, migration and also arrangement of transplanted cells were investigated by immunohistochemistry.
Results: Three days after sodium iodate injection, the pathological changes such as increased autofluorescence, hypertrophy and multinuclearity in retinal pigmented epithelium were observed. Histological investigation showed disorganization of outer segment of photoreceptors and also changes in the retinal pigmented epithelium. Immunohistochemsitry findings, seven days after injection, showed that transplanted cells survived in subretinal space and could migrate into both retinal pigmented epithelium and the retinal layer and finally integrated with host tissue.
Conclusion: Due to accessibility, mesenchymal stem cells are regarded as a good source for transplantation. Potential of differentiation to neural linage and also survival ability and migration of these cells after transplantation could be regarded as a new way for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.
Keyword: Neurosphere cells, Bone marrow stromal stem cells, Sodium iodate, Age related macular degeneration.
Received: Dec 4, 2015 Accepted: Apr 26, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2417-en.pdf
Neurosphere cells
Bone marrow stromal stem cells
Sodium iodate
Age related macular degeneration.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
26
33
article
Prevalence of Entrobius vermicularis (pinworm) infection and its relationship with clinical manifestations of oxyurosis, in children between 1 and 6 years of age in oraman region of Marivan
Ghasem Zamini
1
Mohammad Bagher Khadem-erfan
2
Mohammad Nasim Karimi
3
Ashkan Faridi
ashkan.faridi@yahoo.com
4
Parasitology and Mycology Department, Medical faculty, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Parasitology and Mycology Department, Medical faculty, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Parasitology and Mycology Department, Medical faculty, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-87-33664646-8293
Background and Aim: Oxyuris or pin worm is a type of roundworm (nematode genus Enterobius) which has small, thin, white slender shape. The size of adult male is about 2 to 5 mm and adult female measures 8 to 13 mm in length. The purpose of this cross- sectional study was to determine the prevalence of oxyuriasis and its correlation with clinical manifestation and allergic symptoms among children between 1 and 6 years of age in "Oraman Takht" region of Marivan, in Iran. "Oraman Takht" region consists of 10 villages. A total number of 845 children between 1and 6 years of age, were living in this area.
Material and Method: Using systematic random sampling method, 338 children were enrolled in the study. Data were collected by means of a special questionnaire, microscopic examination of scotch tape test specimens and peripheral blood smear. Data about parents, education and occupation and children's sex and age, were recorded in a questionnaire for every subject. Peripheral blood smear were obtained from all children and was examined by a hematologist for presence of eosinophilia. Scotch tape tests were prepared by the parents after necessary instructions, and examined for the presence of oxyuriasis ova by a parasitologist.
Results: Among 340 children in our study 139 (%41.1) were infected by E. vermicularis. The prevalence rate of infection was %37.4 in the boys and %45.3 in the girls. There was not a significant relationship between E. vermiculris infection and its clinical manifestation and allergic disease symptoms. 22 (%6.4) children showed eosinophilia in their peripheral blood smears, among them 17 (%77.3) were infected by E. vermicularis, too. There was a significant relationship between eosinophilia and E.vermicularis infection (p‹0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the results and importance of this subject and for better control and prevention of parasitic infection, we suggest necessary training and education for the people in regard to the life cycle of the parasite, transfer and prevention of infection. Measures for improvement of economical status, public and personal healths are recommended. Finally all the household members should be treated at the same time.
Key words: Enterobius vermicularis, Enterobiasis, Oxyuroidea, Eosinophilia, Children, Iran.
Received: Apr 11, 2016 Accepted: Jun 15, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2420-en.pdf
Enterobius vermicularis
Enterobiasis
Oxyuroidea
Eosinophilia
Children
Iran.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
34
44
article
The effect of 8 weeks core stabilization exercises on pain and functional disability induced by low back pain in the mothers of children with cerebral palsy
Farzaneh Karimzadeh
karimzadeh3f@gmail.com
1
Amir Letafatkar
2
Gholamali Ghasemi
3
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-31-32363931
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pathology and Corrective Movements, sport injuries and corrective exercises, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Background and Aim: Mothers of children with cerebral palsy have a significantly higher prevalence rate of musculoskeletal pain than the mothers of normal children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of core stability exercises on pain and functional disability in the mothers of children with cerebral palsy.
Materials and Methods: In this semi experimental study which was done in Isfahan, 30 mothers of children with cerebral palsy (age of children between 6 and 18 years), who had chronic non-specific low back pain were selected by convenience sampling method. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Each group included 15 subjects. Experimental group performed core stabilization exercises for 8 weeks. The level of pain and functional disability were measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire respectively before and after eight weeks of exercise program. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA (P = 0. 05).
Results: Our findings showed significant effect of core stabilization exercises on the pain (P=0.001) and functional disability (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Based on current results, core stabilization exercise program reduces pain and improves functional disability in mothers of children with cerebral palsy. Considering the positive effect of these exercises on pain and functional disability, this program could be recommended for people with similar problems.
Keywords: Core stabilization exercises, Nonspecific chronic low back pain, Cerebral palsy.
Received: Dec 7, 2015 Accepted: May 8, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2421-en.pdf
Core stabilization exercises
Nonspecific chronic low back pain
Cerebral palsy.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
45
55
article
An in vitro study of the effect of sodium selenite on telomere length and telomerase activity of bone marrow stromal cells in aged rats
Najmeh Aminizadeh
1
Taki Tiraihi
ttiraihi@gmail.com ttiraihi@gmail.com
2
Seyed Alireza Mesbah-namin
3
Taher Taheri
4
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran, (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-21-82883895
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Background and Aim: The number and potential of proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells decreases with age. These changes reduce efficacy of autologous transplantation in old people. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium selenite on telomere length and telomerase activity of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in aged rats.
Material and Methods: The BMSCs collected from aged male rats were cultured and treated with different concentrations of sodium selenite for 72 h. We evaluated the effect of sodium selenite on the proliferation potential of these cells using trypan blue exclusion test. Then, we evaluated the efficacy of the effective concentration of sodium selenite on telomerase activity, telomere length and the related telomerase gene expression. Telomerase activity was assessed byPCR-ELSA method and telomere length, and its related gene expression was assessed by the real time PCR technique.
Results: Use of sodium selenite at the concentration of 100nM led to significant increase in the proliferation of BMSCs and decreased telomere length in the aged rats compared to the control group, although the difference was not significant. Telomerase activity and the related telomerase gene expression did not show any change.
Conclusion: Sodium selenite improved proliferation of BMSCs of the aged rats.
Key words: Sodium selenite, Aging, Mesenchymal stromal cells, Telomere, Telomerase.
Received: Dec 12, 2015 Accepted: Apr 24, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2422-en.pdf
Sodium selenite
Aging
Mesenchymal stromal cells
Telomere
Telomerase.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
56
67
article
The effect of audio-visual distraction by music on hemodynamic parameters in patient undergoing bronchoscopy
Ali Navidian
1
Ebrahim Ebrahimi Tabas
2
Nazar Ali Muolaie
3
Shahla Soleymani
soleymanish2@mums.ac.ir
4
Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Department of Internal Medicine and Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
Background and Aim: Bronchoscopy is a stressful procedure. Increased anxiety raises oxygen demand during bronchoscopy and affects cardiac output and blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of distraction by audiovisual folk music on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing bronchoscopy.
Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in Imam Ali Hospital in Zahedan. We used convenience sampling method for three-month from July to September 2015 and sixty patients who had been scheduled for bronchoscopy were randomly divided into control (n= 30) and experimental (n = 30) groups. Demographic information forms and hemodynamic parameters record chart were used for data collection .During bronchoscopy, every patient listened to an audiovisual folk music which had been selected by himself. The control group received routine care. Using SPSS software version 21, data were analyzed by chi-square (X2), independent t-test, paired t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: The results showed that two groups had statistically significant difference in relation to hemodynamic parameters during and after intervention (p=0.0001). The pattern of decline was not similar in both groups. Distraction by audiovisual folk music led to decreased heart rate and blood pressure, and also increased oxygen saturation in the experimental group.
Conclusion: Audiovisual folk music selected by every patient, during bronchoscopy resulted in the improvement of the hemodynamic parameters. Therefore, use of this method is recommended during invasive diagnostic and treatment procedure especially bronchoscopy.
Keywords: Distraction, Bronchoscopy, Hemodynamic parameters.
Received: Jan 10, 2016 Accepted: May 8, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2423-en.pdf
Distraction
Bronchoscopy
Hemodynamic parameters.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
68
78
article
The frequency of class 1 integrons in multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples using polymerase chain reaction assay
Zeinab Mahluji
1
Farzaneh Firoozeh
ffiroozeh@ut.ac.ir
2
Ahmad Khorshidi
3
Mohammad Zibaei
4
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran, (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-31-55540021
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Background and Aim: The development of multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of K. pneumoniae is a matter of great concern and horizontal transfer of integrons is one of the most important factors in the creation of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of class 1 integrons and their gene cassettes among MDR K. pneumonia strains isolated from clinical specimens.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 181 samples of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from outpatients and hospitalized patients between November 2013 and June 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated samples were determined by disk diffusion method according to the CLSI guidelines. The presence of class 1 integrons and embedded gene cassettes were investigated in MDR strains by polymerase chain reaction assay. Using SPSS 17, statistical analyses were carried out by chi-square (χ2) and Fisher exact tests. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Result: Of 181 isolated samples, 150 (82.9%) were multidrug resistant. The most and the least resistance rates belonged to ampicillin (98.7%) and imipenem (24%) respectively. Class I integrons were seen in 150 (100%) of MDR isolated samples and 147 (98%) of them contained gene cassettes of five different kinds.
Conclusion: We found a high frequency rate of class 1 integrons and embedded gene cassettes in MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae in the hospitalized patients in Kashan which can play an important role in the creation and transmission of antibiotic resistance.
Keywords: Klebsiella pneumonia, Multidrug resistant (MDR), Integron, Clinical specimens.
Received: Jan 3, 2016 Accepted: Apr 10, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2424-en.pdf
Klebsiella pneumonia
Multidrug resistant (MDR)
Integron
Clinical specimens
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
79
88
article
The effect of endurance training on serum adhesion molecules in overweight men
Hojatollah Nikbakht
1
Abasali Gaeini
2
Khalid Mohammadzadeh Salamat
kh.mohammadzadeh@gmail.com
3
Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran,(Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-8733660198
Background and Aim: Cell adhesion molecules are glycoproteins that mediate leukocyte response to inflammation. Increased level of these molecules may be directly associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of endurance training on serum adhesion molecules in overweight men.
Materials and Methods: Twenty two overweight students (BMI=28.34 kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups, endurance training (n = 11) and control (n=11). Training group participants accomplished 3 sessions of endurance training program for 8 weeks. Before and after every exercise, fasting blood samples were taken from all the subjects and serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1), soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1(sVCAM-1) and soluble E-selectin were measured. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA test.
Results: Data showed significant differences in the levels of sICAM-1 between the groups after eight weeks of endurance training (P=0.002). Comparison of the groups’ pre- and post exercise mean values of the levels of sICAM-1 showed significant changes in endurance group (P=0.001). Serum levels of sVCAM-1 and soluble E selectin showed no significant changes (p>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results we can conclude that endurance training can decrease the levels of some of adhesion molecules. It could be responsible, to some extent for possible reduction of systemic inflammation, caused by physical activity.
Keywords: Cell adhesion molecules, Exercise, Overweight.
Received: Jan 25, 2016 Accepted: Apr 6, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2425-en.pdf
Cell adhesion molecules
Exercise
Overweight.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
89
99
article
Effect of ginger root powder on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses induced by resistance training Delrome style in male volleyball players
Seyedeh Parya Barzanjeh
1
Valiollah Dabidi Roshan
vdabidiroshan@yahoo.com
2
Zahra Soleymani Kiasari
3
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-11-35303400
Department of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University of Sari Branch, Sari, Iran.
Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ginger root powder on inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses induced by resistance training Delrome style in male volleyball players.
Materials and Methods: 20 male volleyball players were randomly assigned to experimental (n=10) and placebo (n=10) groups. The first set of light to heavy training programs was performed at 50% of 1RM, the second set at 75%, and finally at 100% of 1RM. Ginger supplement capsules were consumed three times a day for a week (total dose of 3 g). Blood samples were collected from the subjects after 12 hours of fasting at the baseline and after each set of exercise. Data were analyzed by dependent t-test and ANOVA repeated measures. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The results showed that the levels of cortisol increased at rest and immediately after exercise in the experimental group compared to the cortisol levels in the placebo group. However, it reduced 24 hours after training, but this reduction was not significant. IL-10 levels reduced significantly immediately after exercise in the experimental group (P=0.01). Also, the levels of TNF-α before and after supplementation reduced significantly in the experimental group (P=0.018).
Conclusion: Although Delrome style training increases inflammation, use of ginger before training can lead to more beneficial effect on exercise induced Inflammation.
Keywords: Resistance training with Delrome style, Ginger turmeric powder, Cortisol, IL-10, TNF-α.
Received: Jan 22, 2016 Accepted: Apr 26, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2426-en.pdf
Resistance training with Delrome style
Ginger turmeric powder
Cortisol
IL-10
TNF-α.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
100
112
article
Effects of active recoveries with and without creatine on inflammatory markers and physical performance in young women after bouts of maximum swimming
Seyedeh Paria Barzanjeh
1
Valiollah Dabidi Roshan
vdabidiroshan@yahoo.com
2
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran, (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-11-35303400
Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of active recoveries in and out of the water with and without creatine monohydrate consumption on some inflammatory markers and physical performance after six bouts of maximum intermittent swimming in young women.
Materials and Methods: Sixteen healthy non-elite swimmers in a semi-experimental study were randomly assigned to 2 groups of in and out of the water active recoveries. They performed six repeated sprints swimming bouts of 50-m in and out of water, with rest intervals of 120 seconds. The subjects received supplementation 4 times a day for 6 days. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Bonferroni test and also independent t-test. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the effect of in and out of the water recovery on the level of IL-6 (P=0.110) and the VCAM1 (P=0.012) following frequent maximum intermittent swimming. There were significant differences within each group in the levels of IL-6 (P=0.042) and VCAM1 (P=0.012) after creatine supplementation. The percent of speed reduction changes as a fatigue indicator in the water recovery groups showed significant difference between before and after creatine supplementation (P=0.005). There was no significant difference between before and after creatine supplementation in the out of water recovery group (P=0.155).
Conclusion: Recovery, in particular, in water (IN) type, following short-term creatine supplementation modulates systemic inflammation and improves physical performance after high-intensity interval training.
Keywords: Vascular inflammation, Vascular adhesion molecules, Creatine supplementation, Active recovery, Physical performance, Interval swimming.
Received: Apr 17, 2016 Accepted: May 8, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2427-en.pdf
Vascular inflammation
Vascular adhesion molecules
Creatine supplementation
Active recovery
Physical performance
Interval swimming.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
113
124
article
Comparison of spatial-temporal-distance gait parameters in male patients with different degrees of knee osteoarthritis
Ali Jalalvand
1
Mehrdad Anbarian
mehrdadanbarian36@gmail.com
2
Shahram Ahanjan
3
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran, (Corresponding Author), Tel:+98-81-38381422
Department of Physical Education, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Background and Aim: The effects of knee osteoarthritis on spatial, temporal and distance parameters of gait have been reviewed in the literature. But, the effect of osteoarthritis severity on gait parameters has not been clearly documented. The aim of this study was to compare the spatial, temporal and distance parameters in male patients according to severity of the knee osteoarthritis during gait.
Materials and Methods: A Vicon (130 Hz) motion analysis system with four T-Series cameras was used to measure the spatial, temporal and distance parameters. Fifteen normal men and 30 patients with knee osteoarthritis participated in this study. According to Kellgren and Lawrence radiologic scale, patients were divided into three groups: mild (n = 10), moderate (n = 10) and severe (n = 10). The spatiotemporal parameters of gait including cadence, double support, foot off, opposite foot contact, opposite foot off, single support, step length, step time, step width, stride length, stride time, walking speed, stance time and cycle time were calculated by Vicon Nexus 1.8.5 software. All data were then extracted by use of Polygon 3.5.1, Visual3D .v4 softwares. Using SPSS version 20, data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test (p<0.05).
Results: There were no significant differences in all temporospatial parameters between the healthy and patient groups (P>0.05). There was a significant decrease in cadence, step length, stride length and walking speed, while, step time, stride time, stance time, double support time were longer in the patients.
Conclusion: Changes of spatial-temporal,-distance gait parameters in the patients with knee osteoarthritis particularly among those with severe osteoarthritis may lead to loss of stability during gait and consequently, a higher fall risk.
Keywords: Knee osteoarthritis; Severity of osteoarthritis; Spatial-Temporal-Distance parameters.
Received: Nov 6, 2015 Accepted: May 2, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2428-en.pdf
Knee osteoarthritis
Severity of osteoarthritis
Spatial-Temporal-Distance parameters.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2016-08
21
3
125
136
article
Comparison of antimicrobial effect of nanostructure poly (amidoamine) dendrimer generation 4 with conventional antibiotics against water resources indigenous bacteria
Afshin Maleki
1
Mohammad Ahmadi Jebelli
m.ahmadijebelli@yahoo.com
2
Bagher Hayati
3
Hiua Daraei
4
Neda Darvish
5
Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. (Corresponding Author), Tel: +98-25-37780175
Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Environment and Energy, Tehran Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Background and Aim: Dendrimers have antibacterial properties and can be used against microbial infections as alternative antibacterial agents with minimal side effects. In this study we evaluated and compared nanostructure macromolecules called Poly (amidoamine) dendrimer generation 4 (PAMAM-G4) with conventional antibiotics in relation to resistance of isolated bacteria from water resources.
Materials and methods: 523 samples were collected from 108 water resources and membrane filter method was used for bacterial species isolation. Resistance of isolated species to amoxicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin antibiotics was determined by measuring zones of inhibition and then compared to the resistance of these species to PAMAM-G4 dendrimer as an antibacterial agent. Also we measured maximum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of dendrimer against isolated bacteria.
Results: 7.4% of samples showed bacterial contamination. Frequency rates of isolated microbial species were as follows: Escherichia coli (28.2%), Proteus (12.8%), Klebsiella (17.9%), Enterobacter (15.3%), Pseudomonas (17.9%), Bacillus subtilis (5.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (2.56%). Gram-negative species revealed high resistance to PAMAM-G4 dendrimer based on the measurement of zones of inhibition. PAMAM-G4 dendrimer didn't have any effect on inhibition of the growth of Enterobacter and Pseudomonas. MIC's against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Proteus were 1250, 500 and 1250 µg/ml respectively. Gram-positive species showed a good response to PAMAM-G4 dendrimer, so that the MIC's for Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were 1 and 2.5 µg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: Because of increased number of resistant species to conventional antibiotics, PAMAM-G4 can be considered as a potent antibacterial agent against gram-positive bacteria.
Keywords: Poly amidoamine dendrimer, Antibiotic, Antibacterial agent, Drug resistance, Water resources.
Received: Dec 25, 2015 Accepted: Apr 6, 2016
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-2429-en.pdf
Poly amidoamine dendrimer
Antibiotic
Antibacterial agent
Drug resistance
Water resources.