per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
1
5
article
Accuracy of bronchial washing cytology before and after biopsy for lung cancer diagnosis
N Sigari
Naseh46@yahoo.com
1
Z Poor Anaraki
2
P Salehian
3
A Safavi
4
F Ensani
5
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Bronchoscopic methods including: biopsy, bronchial washing and bronchial lavage have different rates of accuracy. Routine use of bronchial cytology as a simple method for diagnosis of lung cancer diagnosis is controversial. This study was performed to compare the diagnostic value of bronchial washing in lung cancer before and after biopsy. Materials and Methods: Patients with clinical and radiographic signs of lung cancer were included in this study, from January 2000 to July 2002, 1050 patients referred to Endoscopic ward of Imam khomaini hospital (Tehran) and underwent bronchoscopy. Lung cancer was demonstrated in 80 patients. Biopsy was our gold standard for diagnosis of lung malignant tumor in this study. Bronchial washing specimens before and after biopsy and biopsy specimens were studied by an expert pathologist and the pathologic reports were collected. Data were analyzed and sensitivity of bronchial washing cytology was estimated. Results: According to the results of this study 55 patients with confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer had negative cytology indicating the sensitivity of cytology of bronchial washing to be 31.25 percent. Bronchial washing cytology was positive both before and after biopsy in 20 patients but positive tests were obtaind in 3 patients only before and in 2 only after biopsy. In general, the sensitivities of bronchial washing cytology before and after biopsy were 28.5% and 27.5% respectively which were compatible in 95.6%of caces. Conclusion: According to the result of this study bronchial washing cytology is not recommended as a routine procedure for diagnosis of lung cancer but if biopsy is contraindicated this procedure may be helpful.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-191-en.pdf
Bronchial washing
Cytology
Lung cancer
Biopsy
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
6
13
article
Effect of reversible inactivation of central nucleus of the Amygdala on the blood pressure of the hypertensive rats
M Zarei
zarei@umsha.ac.ir
1
B Heshmatian
2
A Sarihi
3
MR Rahmani
4
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: The brain rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) has an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular function. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of reversible inactivation of the ACe on normotensive and hypertensive rats (renal hypertension). Materials & Methods: Two groups of normotensive Wistar rats were selected for this study. In one group, hypertension was induced by Goldblatt method and another group was subjected to sham procedure. After 6 weeks, tests were performed on anesthetized rats with Urethane (1.5mg/kg). In order to perform bilateral reversible inactivation, lidocaine (1 μ l) was injected through guide cannuli that had been implanted in the ACe. Then direct measurements of femoral blood pressure were recorded just before and 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 minutes after injection of lidocaine. Considering the baseline values, degree of changes was determined and compared between the two groups. Results: Our results revealed that sham-inactivation led to a significant increase of blood pressure only at 5 minutes after injection (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in blood pressure at different times before and after injection of lidocaine in the hypertensive group. Conclusion: This study concludes that the change in the Ace activity during induction of hypertension is due to the change in RAS activity.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-192-en.pdf
Amygdala
Hypertension
Reversible inactivation
Rat
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
14
19
article
Randomized control trial investigation as to the effect of Bupivacaine on postoperative analgesia following tubal ligation
MR Kohan
1
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-193-en.pdf
Tubal ligation (TL)
Bupivacaine
Uterine tubes
Postoperative analgesia
Mesosalpinx
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
20
25
article
Pregnancy after kidney transplantation. A survey in renal transplantation center of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
A Seyedzadeh
aseyedzadeh2001@yahoo.com
1
D Reissi
2
N Rezavand
3
ABSTRACTBackground and Aim: after Kidney transplantation. However, in such pregnancies, potential risks ofimmunosuppressive agents on pregnancy status and fetus should be taken intoconsideration. There are some reports indicating fetal malformations, preterm labour,abortion and intrauterine growth retardation in such pregnancies. The present studywas designed to evaluate the status of pregnancy in women with kidneytransplantation in Renal Transplantation Center of the 4Kermanshah.Women with chronic renal failure can resume normal fertilityth Shahid Mehrab Hospital inMaterials and Methods: records of women who had pregnancy after renal transplantation during 1368-1378were reviewed. Necessary data concerning the serum creatinine level, blood pressureduring pregnancy, age at the time of pregnancy, interval between transplantation andchild-birth and occurrence of acute allograft rejection during pregnancy werecollected. The newborns were examined twice in a 6 month interval for physicalgrowth, developmental status and major malformations.This was a descriptive-analytic study and the medicalResults: case led to abortion (9%). Immunosuppressive therapy consisted of cyclosporin Aand steroid in 3 cases (30%), and cyclosporin A, steroid and azathioprine in 7 cases(70%). The time interval between transplantation and childbirth was 24.6±15.67months, and the mean age of mothers during pregnancy was 27.22±5.74 years. Therewas no significant difference between mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures andserum creatinine level before and during pregnancy. There was no acute allograftrejection or any other remarkable problems during pregnancy. Only four newborns, 3boys and one girl were brought for follow up. 3 cases of pregnancies were unwantedand only one case was intentional. The mean weight of the newborns was 2.62±0.47Kg, and one of them was underweight (25%). Physical growth and development ofthese newborns were normal and there was no obvious congenital malformation.11 pregnancies occurred in 9 women with kidney transplantation, , but oneConclusion: expose mother and fetus to potential risks, this study like other recent studies revealedthat supportive measures before pregnancy and close monitoring of the pregnantwomen by an experienced and multidisciplinary team, may lead to the birth of ahealthy baby, without any adverse effect on the function of the allograftAlthough immunosuppressive agents can cross placental barrier and
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-194-en.pdf
Kidney transplantation
Pregnancy
Infant
Neonate
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
22
42
article
Normal values of Vitamin D and prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among Iranian population
K Moradzadeh
1
B Larijani
emrc@sina.tums.ac.ir
2
A Keshtkar
3
A Hossein Nezhad
4
R Rajabian
5
I Nabipoor
6
Gh Omrani
7
A Bahrami
8
M Gouya
9
AR Delavari
10
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Vitamin D requirements are met by its synthesis in the skin as a result of exposure to UVB (ultra violet B) and also by food. Despite abundant UVB in sunny countries, there is evidence of high prevalence of Vitamin D (vit D) deficiency in these areas. Materials and Methods: 5 cities with different longitudes and latitudes were chosen. Patients were selected by random cluster sampling. Blood samples obtained from healthy subjects. After centrifuging the sera collected sent to the EMRC (Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Centre) laboratory for measurment of 25(OH) vitamin D [25(OH)D] and PTH levels. Based on the level of 25(OH), the subjects were classified into 7 groups. Different levels of Vit D deficiency were determined as normal, mild, moderate and severe Vit D deficiency. Results: 5329 people were evaluated for 25(OH)D and three threshold levels for women (40, 25 and 12 nmol/L) and two for men (35 and 25 nmol/L) were determined. Mild Vit D deficiency was observed in 27.2% of women and 37.25% of men. Severe or moderate Vit D deficiency was noticed in 47.85% of women and 34.75 % of men. Conclusion: The results of this study are compatible with those of other studies in the Middle East. Prevalence of Vit D deficiency in these areas needs justification. Plans for fortification of articles of food with Vit D are recommended. Key words: Vit D deficiency, Normal values, PTH
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-196-en.pdf
Key words: Vit D deficiency
Normal values
PTH
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
26
32
article
Study of prevalence of neonatal Septicaemia and detection of antibiotic resistance in Besat Hospital in Sanandaj in 1383
K Rashidi
1
N Bahmani
nasrbah@yahoo.com
2
N Ghotbi
3
S Shahsavari
4
ABSTRACTBackground and Aim: which occurrs as a result of bacterial infection. The major criterion for its diagnosis isbased on body fluid cultures specially blood culture. The aim of this study is todetermine the prevalence of septicemia and also detection of isolated bacterialsensitivity to selected antibiotics in neonatal ward of Besat Hospital.Septicemia is one of the most important neonatal diseasesMaterials and Methods: hospitalized neonates. A questionnaire including clinical manifestations of septicemiasuch as fever, hyporeflexia, hypothermia, cyanosis, abdominal distention, loss ofappetite and jaundice was filled out for every neonate clinically suspected of havingsepticemia. At last the collected data were analyzed by means of SPSS software anddescriptive statistics.This study is descriptive. Blood cultures were ordered for allResults: suspected of having septicemia but %30 of them had positive blood cultures. Themost common species isolated was coagulase negative staphylococci. As to sign andsymptoms hyporeflexia, juandice, and anorexia were detected most frequently.Sensitivity of gram negative bacteria to ciprofloxacin was %100 & to cefotaxime%66.7. Sensitivity of gram positive bacteria to cephalotin was %43, while gramnegative bacteria had highest resistance rate to ampicilin & cephalotine in %100 andgram positive bacteria to oxacilin in %68.6 & cotrimoxasol in %62.9 of the cases. Inthis study prevalence of septicemia in those having positive blood cultures was 30%with a mortality rate of 4.9%.This study included 700 specimen of blood cultures, %17.6 of the cases wereConclusion: diagnosis of septicemia and blood cultures should be considered necessary insuspected cases. Considering high resistance rate of isolated bacteria to ampicilin ;cephalotin, culture and antibiogram can be of great value to select suitable antibioticThis research shows that clinical manifestation is not enough for the.Ciprofloxacin can be regarded as the drug of choice for gram negative bacteria. Toreduce prevalence and mortality rates of septicemia, proper planning to confrontmicroorganisms & nosocomial infections is necessary. Also appropriate and timelyprescription of antibiotics by pediatricians can prevent bacterial resistance toantibiotics.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-195-en.pdf
Neonatal septicemia
Antibiotic resistant
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
44
50
article
An epidemiologic study of nosocomial infections and its related factors at the intensive care unit of Tohid Hospital, in Sanandaj during 2003-2004
K Hajibagheri
katayoon.hajibagheri@muk.ac.ir
1
SH Afrasiabian
2
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Nosocomial Infections are nearly the most important health problem in the world. The high costs of treatment, the great number of patients with high mortality and morbidity rates and also increased incidence of these infections are suggestive of the importance of these infections. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiologic status and the rate of acquired infections together with their related factors in ICU and post ICU patients at Tohid Hospital, in Sanandaj. Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study. The sample size included 160 patients who had been admitted to ICU and post ICU during a period of 6 months. Demographic data and prevalence rate of nosocomial infections and results of clinical and para-clinical measures were recorded. The data were analyzed by means of SPSS-win software. Results: In our study the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections was 15.6%. The most frequent infections were pneumonia (68%), UTI (19.2%), bed sore (7.8%), sepsis (3.8%) and infections of unknown origin (3.8%). The most frequent isolated microorganisms were Klebsiella Pneumonia (47.05%), Ecoli (17.64%), and Entrobacter spp (17.64%). There was an important relationship between the duration of hospitalization and the prevalence rate of the infections (p=0.000). But there was no significant linkage between age, intubation or tracheostomy with the prevalence rate of the infections Conclusions: The results of our study supported previous data concerning nosocomial infections. In order to decrease the rate of nosocomial infections, assignment of one nurse for one patient and proper hand washing should be emphasized. Key words: Nosocomial infections, ICU, Post ICU
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-197-en.pdf
Key words: Nosocomial infections
ICU
Post ICU
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
51
58
article
Prevalence of intestinal colonization by vancomaycin-resistant enterococci in Shiraz Namazi Hospital
M Askarian
askariam@sums.ac.ir
1
Ar Afkhamzadeh
2
A Monabbati
3
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-198-en.pdf
Key words: Colonization
Vancomycin-resistant
Prevalence
Enterococci
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
59
64
article
The prevalence of types of nasal foreign bodies with their clinical presentation and complications in children referring to Tohid Hospital, in Sanandaj 1380-84
N Mirzaie
Mirzaie85N@yahoo.com
1
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-199-en.pdf
Key words: Nasal foreign bodies
Children
Symptoms
Complication
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
65
68
article
Report of a case of HTLV1 in Kurdistan province in 1384
B Ahsan
behrooz.ahsan@muk.ac.ir
1
SH Afrasiabian
2
ABSTRACT HTLV1 is a retrovirus, and its spread has led to infection of 10-20 million people in the world. In spite of its high prevalence, the symptoms occurs only in about 5% of the infected population. Transmission of this virus is often from mother to fetus by way of placenta or more importantly to newborn baby through breast feeding. The second way is of a greater significance. Another way of transmission of the virus is by sexual intercourse specially from man to woman and the third way is through transfusion and IDU (parentral). For the first time in Iran (in 1991) the northeastern part of Khorasan Province was labeled as an endemic area also the disease has been reported from Tehran, Gorgan and Khozestan provinces however, no case had ever been reported from Kurdistan province yet. The patient under study is a 28-Year-old girl with unusual symptoms such as and eight-year history of weakness of lower limbs with gradual spread to the upper limbs as well as paresthesia of the four limbs and urine frequency. In physical examination hypereflexia in all the four limbes and planter extensors, colonus and sensory disorders in the limbs were detected bilaterally. The paraclinical studies including MRI, laboratory tests and (VER) were normal. Only MRI revealed a non specific emblem. The patient had been treated as a case of MS for eight years. HTLV1 antibody test which had been requested, was positive. Therefore, the patient was labeled as a case of HTLV1 and hospitalized for proper treatment. Key words: HTLV1, Kurdistan, Spastic para paresis, Myelopathy
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-200-en.pdf
Key words: HTLV1
Kurdistan
Spastic para paresis
Myelopathy
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2006-03
10
4
69
79
article
The effect of self-care educational program on decreasing the problems and improving the quality of life of dialysis patients
SH Baraz
1
E Mohammadi
mohamade@modares.ac.ir
2
B Broumand
3
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-201-en.pdf
Key words: Self-care
Quality of life
Dialysis