per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
1
7
article
Comparison of the effects of propofol versus thiopental induced anesthesia on postoperative nausea and vomiting
B Ahsan
1
M.S Vahedi
2
S Zabihi
3
M Ardalan
4
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common and unpleasant complications. Various drugs are used for prevention and treatment of PONV. But it stands to reason to overcome this problem by the anesthetic drug itself. In this study, the effects of propofol versus thiopental on PONV were evaluated. Material and Methods: This was a double blind clinical trial. In a period of 8 months, ninety patients (aged between 18-50 years) who had been scheduled for elective surgery (ASA physical status I) were entered into this study and randomly divided into two comparable groups group A received 2 mg/kg propofol IV and group B received 5 mg/kg thiopental sodium for induction of anesthesia. Each group included 45 patients. The patients were observed for 12 hours for PONV (2 hours after operation in the recovery room and 10 hours in the surgery ward. The results were processed with SPSS soft ware and analyzed by means of student t-test. Results: The results of this study showed that in propofol group the number of episodes of nausea and vomiting was less than that of thiopental group which revealed a significant difference (p<0.05). The mean age of the patients was 29.4±9. 51.12% of the patients were female and 48.86% were male which revealed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Propofol is more beneficial than thiopental for the prevention of PONV and it is recommended to be used for induction of anesthesia, when PONV may be life threatening.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-79-en.pdf
Key Words: Propofol
Thiopental
Nausea
Vomiting
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
8
15
article
Effect of palm seed alcoholic extract on the blood glucose and lipids concentration in male diabetic rats
M Mokhtari
1
A Sharifi
2
A Sabzevari
3
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder which can lead to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is expected to increase in human population in the future. The present study deals with the effect of palm seed extract on the blood glucose and lipids concentration in male diabetic rats. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats, each weighing about 240-250 gr, were divided into 4 groups: control and diabetic (received nothing) treated control and treated diabetic groups (received palm seed extract). In order to induce diabetes, stereptozotcin was injected intraperiotoneally (60mg/kg). The treated groups received (0.5mg/kg) palm seed extract intraperitoneally every day. 14 days latter, blood samples were obtained from all groups and serum levels of glucose and lipids were measured. Result: Concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, LDL, increased significantly in diabetic group when compared with those of control group (p<0.05), while these values in the treated diabetic group showed a significant decrease compared with those of untreated diabetic group. In addition, the serum level of HDL in diabetic and treated diabetic groups was considerably less than those of control and treated control groups (p<0.05). But the concentration of triglyceride didn’t show any significant difference among various groups. Conclusion: Probably hypolipidemic effect of palm seed is due to the presence of oleic acid and linoleic acid and its hypoglycemic properties is due to the elements such as magnesium and zinc which stimulate the synthesis and secretion of insulin. Manganese also mimics insulin properties
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-80-en.pdf
Key words: Palm seed
Diabetes mellitus
Lipids
Male rats.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
16
22
article
Randomized control trial on the effect of pethidine versus tramadol on labour pain relief, labour duration, infants` apgar score and maternal complications in primiparous women
F Seyedalshohadaei
1
F Zandvakili
2
SH Sanaei
3
M Rezaie
4
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: One of the basic principles of modern obstetrics is to provide adequate analgesia. An analgesic should have potent analgesic efficacy and minimal side effects to be suitable for pain relief during labour. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of tramadol and pethidine on labour pain, labour duration, apgar score of the infants and maternal complications in primiparous women. Materials and Methods: This was a triple-blind randomized control trial. 30 full term parturient women were randomly assigned to one of tramadol or pethidine groups. Inclusion criteria were full term primiparous women without high risk pregnancy in active phase of labour, with 4 cm dilatation of cervix. Lack of induction of delivery, lack of pregnancy complications and drug reactions were regarded as other inclusion criteria. In active phase of delivary vital signs of the parturient women recorded. The pain was measured by means of NRS score. Group I received 50 mg pethedine group II, 50 mg tramadol in 200 cc Ringer solution, intravenously. The vital signs and pain were reassessed after one hour. The mothers and their fetuses were under control for potential complications. Collected data were introduced into SPSS soft ware and analyzed by means of t-test and X². p<0.05 was regarded statistically significant. Results: There was no significant difference in relation to age, maternal weight, maternal educational status, gestational age and infant`s weight between the two groups. There was no significant difference between the decrease in the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the two groups. Maternal Side effects such as nausea, vomiting and drowsiness occurred more frequently in pethidine group (p≤0.05). There was no significant difference between the durations of active phase of labour in the two groups. Mean value of the first minute apgar score in tramadol and pethidine groups were 8.87 ±0.516 and 8.86 ±0.363 respectively. The m ean value of the fifth minute apgar score in tramadol and pethidine groups were 9.60±0.507 and 9.57±0.514 respectively (p>0.05). The mean values of pain reduction assessed by VAS score were 1.28±1.63 for pethidine group and 1.00±1.30 for tramadol group ) p≤0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that pethidine has more analgesic effect than tramadol on labour pain but frequency of side effects such as nausea and vomiting was higher with pethidine administration. Both drugs can cause shortening of active phase of labour. Apgar score was not influenced by any of the two drugs.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-81-en.pdf
Key words: Pethidine
Tramadol
Labour pain.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
23
31
article
Evaluation of the effects of streptomycin and ofloxacin antibiotics on leydig cell apoptosis in rat
A Khaki
1
A Mekaniksannati
2
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-82-en.pdf
Key words: Apoptosis
Leydig cells
Ofloxacin
Streptomycin
Rat.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
32
39
article
Comparison of sputum induction and bronchoalveolar lavage methods in diagnosis of pulmonary TB in patients with negative smear or without spontaneous sputum
1
2
3
4
5
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-83-en.pdf
Key words: Tuberculosis; Pulmonary Tuberculosis; Sputum induction; Diagnosis
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
40
44
article
Prognostic value of serum T-lymphocyte cytokines for prediction of early acute rejection of renal transplants
A Ghafari
1
A Eishi
2
E Rahimi
3
L Fakhri
4
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Acute rejection is one of the most important complications after renal transplantation which influences transplant prognosis and survival. This study was conducted to determine the prognostic value of Th1/ Th2 cytokines in acute renal rejection (AR). Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and included 60 kidney transplant recipients (40 male, mean age 38.82), who had received their transplants from live donors. Serum levels of Th-1 dependent cytokines [interleukin- (IL) 2 and interferon-gamma] and Th-2 dependent cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) were measured on the day before, 7th and 14th days post transplantation using ELISA. All the patients received Immunosupressive agents including cyclosporine, mychofenolate mofetile and prednisolon. Acute rejection was defined as a more than 50 percent rise in serum creatinin in the first 20 days after transplantation. Data were introduced into SPSS soft ware and analyzed by means of independent T-test. Results: Among 60 patients, 40 were male. The mean age of the patients were 38.82 years. In our study we diagnosed twelve cases of AR (20% of the cases). There was no significant relation between the serum levels of IL2, IL4, IL10 and IFNδ in the patients with acute rejection of the transplant and those without.Conclusion: These data showed that there is no correlation between Th1/ Th2 serum cytokines profile and early AR episodes in kidney transplantation and these cytokines can not be used as prognostic factors in acute renal rejection
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-84-en.pdf
Key words: kidney transplantation
Transplant rejection
T-lymphocytes.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
45
52
article
Study of prevalence of hepatitis C and its relationship with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus in beta-thalassemic patients
F Company
1
N Rezaei
2
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are well known complications in multitransfused beta thalassemia patients. Iron overload and chronic liver disease, viral infection and/or genetic factors may play important roles in the development of glucose intolerance. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C and its relation with diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. Material and Methods: The study included 195 multitransfused β thalassemic patients, 97 females and 98 males with a mean age of 14.9±6.07 years (range 5-36 years). Diagnosis of DM and IGT was based on the criteria of ADA and WHO. Hepatitis markers were detected by use of ELISA test. Results were analyzed by means of Chi-square test. Results: The results of ELISA test revealed forty (20.51%) patients were seropositive for HCV. After removal of confounding factors, serum ferritin level (p=0.039) and hepatitis C infection (p=0.006) were identified as independent risk factors, having significant relationship with abnormal glucose tolerance. Conclusion: With increasing age the number of blood transfusions increases and subsequently the possibility of iron overload and infection with hepatitis C virus increases. In our study the prevalence of diabetes in adult thalassemic patients suffering from HCV infection increased. It is probable that hemosiderosis makes the effect of HCV infection on glucose metabolism more evident clinically. Aggressive iron chelating therapy as well as prevention and treatment of hepatitis C infection are the most important measures in glucose homeostasis in transfusion dependent beta thalassemic patient.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-85-en.pdf
Key Words: Impaired glucose tolerance
Diabetes mellitus
Thalassemia
Hepatitis C virus infection
Serum Ferritin.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
53
62
article
Study of mental health status and its related factors among high school teachers in cities of Sanandaj and Bijar
M Araste
1
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Considering close relationship of the teachers with students and their role in promotion of mental health, recognizing children at risk of psychological disorders and referring them to obtain specialized supports, the survey of mental health among teachers seems necessary. Therefore, this study was preformed to evaluate mental health status and its related factors among high school teachers in cities of Sannandaj and Bijar. Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study. Sample size included 1391 individuals and sampling method was census. After referring to schools, explaining the goal of the study to the teachers, and taking their consent to participate in our survey, data were completed and gathered based on the standard questionnaire of general health (GHQ28) and a researcher-made questionnaire. Finally 60% of the subjects took part in this study. Some of the questionnaires were incomplete and only 710 teachers completed the study. Collected data were processed with SPSS software and analyzed by means of chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of lack of mental health among the subjects was 33.5% on the whole (34% in Sannandaj and 32.9% in Bijar). Also, the rates of lack of mental health among male and female subjects were 34.7 and 32.1 respectively. Among the factors influencing mental health only the number of family members showed a significant relation with lack of mental health, most prevalent in families with 2 members (53.2%) and least prevalent in families with 4 members (27.7%). Conclusion: Considering high prevalence of lack of mental health among teachers in this study, it seems necessary to plan extended studies in this field all over the province in the future and take interventional measures to provide more appropriate life status with professional contentedness and security for the teachers, solve their problems and recognize their occupational stressful factors.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-86-en.pdf
Key words: Mental health
Teachers
High Schools
Sannandaj
Bijar
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
63
68
article
Evaluation of the effect of ketamine as oral premedication on quality of pediatric anesthesia
F Heshmati
1
A Mahoori
2
H Noorozinia
3
A Hassani
4
R Abbacivash
5
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Strange and unfamiliar setting of the operation room and also fear of operation cause numerous problems for the patient, parents of the patient and anesthesiologist. Prescription of intravenous sedatives or opiates in addition to their side effects leads to more fear and anxiety because of venipuncture. To prevent these problems, we prescribed oral sedatives. Material and Methods : In this controlled double blind clinical trial, sixty children, aged 1-7 year were divided randomly into two groups group 1 received oral Ketamine but placebo was prescribed for group 2. Behavioral changes together with heart rate and respiratory rate alternations were evaluated before and 30 minutes after prescription of the medication. Results: The results of this study showed that the children who received oral ketamin were calmer and separated from their parents easier in comparison to those who received placebo, which showed a significant statistical difference (p<0.001). Also heart and respiratory rates decreased in the patients of ketamine group which revealed a significant difference (p<0.01). Conclusion: It seems that prescription of oral ketamine as a premedication thirty minutes before anesthesia can produce appropriate sedation and a relative decrease in heart and respiratory rates in children, which in turn can lead to less panic, easier separation of children from their parents and facilitation of induction of anesthesia
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-87-en.pdf
Key Words: Oral premedication
Ketamine
Pediatric anesthesia
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
69
76
article
Assessment of serum zinc level in the middle school students of Sanandaj and its relation with gender, body mass index and educational status
1
2
3
4
5
ABSTRACT Background and Aim: Zinc is essential for human health and its deficiency can lead to various biochemical disorders. The aim of this study was to determine serum zinc concentration in the middle school students of Sanandaj in 2006 and its relation with gender, body mass index (BMI) and educational status. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study 301 students in the middle schools of Sanandaj were selected randomly. BMI was calculated and educational status was obtained from school educational records. Serum zinc concentration was measured by use of flame-atomic absorption spectrometry. Collected data was analyzed by means of T-test, analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation coefficient statistical techniques. Results: Regardless of gender, the mean concentration of zinc in serum was 90.1 ±19.1 μg/dl. The mean concentration of serum zinc levels in boys (93.6 ±22.6 μg/d) was significantly higher (87.4 ±15.4 μg/dl) than that of girls (p<0.05). In 31.2% of the students serum zinc concentration was lower than normal value. No correlation was found between serum zinc concentration, BMI and educational status of the students. Conclusion: More than thirty percent of middle school students in Sanandaj suffer from severe or mild zinc deficiency. Considering the importance of zinc in human health, further studies are needed to determine the prevalence of zinc deficiency in Sanandaj in order to plan for future interventions.
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-90-en.pdf
Key Words: Student
Serum zinc
Body mass index.
per
Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
1560-652X
2345-4040
2008-03
12
4
77
89
article
Report of the frequency of normal renal vascular variants in 62 patients by use of abdominal CT angiography
1
2
3
http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-91-en.pdf
Key words: Angiography
Kidney
CT Angiography
Renal angiography