fa مروری بر بیماری آربوویروسی اوسوتو USUTU: یک تهدید زئونوز در حال ظهور میکروبیولوژی Microbiology مروری Review <span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="FA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">زمینه</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">&nbsp;و هدف:</span></span></span></span></span></span></b>&nbsp;<span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">بیماری اوسوتو </span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin="">(</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">USUTU</span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin="">)</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">نوعی بیماری ویروسی (</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">USUTU Virus </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">(</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">USUV</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">)</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">) منتقل‌شونده توسط بندپایان</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">(آربوویروس‌) است</span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin="">. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">این بیماری بین انسان و دام</span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin=""> (</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">زئونوز</span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin="">)</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""> مشترک</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">است و به‌دلیل ظهور در قاره آفریقا و اروپا و گسترش جغرافیایی سریع آن، مورد توجه قرار گرفته است</span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin="">. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">این مطالعه با هدف گردآوری و توصیف اطلاعات مرتبط با این بیماری در دنیا، برای ترسیم نمای کلی از وضعیت آن صورت گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">مواد و روش‌‌ها</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin=""><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">: </span></span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">مطالعه حاضر از نوع مروری تشریحی است که جست‌وجو برای شناسایی مقالات در پایگاه‌های داده استنادی معتبر علمی ازجمله </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">PubMed</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">، </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">ScienceDirect</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">، </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">Scopus</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""> و موتور جست‌وجوی </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">Google</span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">Scholar</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">USUTU</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">USUV</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">Usutu</span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">virus</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">در بازه زمانی سال </span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" nazanin="">2000</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""> تا </span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" nazanin="">2025</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""> میلادی صورت گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">یافته‌ها</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin=""><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">: </span></span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">این بیماری اولین بار در سال </span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" nazanin="">۱۹۵۹ </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">میلادی از قاره آفریقا </span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">گزارش شد و سپس</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">شیوع آن در برخی کشورهای اروپایی گسترش یافت. ویروس عامل بیماری متعلق به خانواده فلاوی‌ویریده</span></span></span> <span lang="FA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">(</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:black">Flaviviridae</span></span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black"> و در جنس ارتوفلاوی‌ویروس (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">Orthoflavivirus</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">) طبقه بندی می‌شود.</span></span></span> <strong><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="font-weight:normal">توکای سیاه</span></span></span></strong><strong> </strong><strong><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin="">(</span></span></strong><i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:black">Turdus</span></span></span></i><i> </i><i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:black">merula</span></span></span></i><strong><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin="">) </span></span></strong><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">و جغد خاکستری بزرگ (</span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:black">Strix</span></span></span></i><i> </i><i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times=""><span style="color:black">nebulosa</span></span></span></i><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""> مخزن اصلی تکثیرکننده هستند.</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">ناقلین اصلی این بیماری شامل گونه </span></span><i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">Culex</span></span></i><i> </i><i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">neavei</span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">در قاره آفریقا</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">و</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">گونه</span></span> <i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">Culex</span></span></i><i> </i><i><span dir="LTR"><span new="" roman="" times="">pipiens</span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">در قاره اروپا هستند. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">با افزایش شیوع، احتمال انتقال بیماری به انسان وجود دارد</span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">تظاهرات بالینی می‌تواند از تب خفیف تا بیماری‌های عصبی شدید مانند آنسفالیت و مننگوآنسفالیت باش</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">د</span></span></span><span lang="fa"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:black">. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt">نتیجه‌گیری: </span></span></span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">به‌طور کلی، در آینده این بیماری تهدیدی برای انسان‌هاست که از دلایل آن می‌توان به توانایی بندپایان در انتقال آن بین پرندگان، انسان‌ها و دیگر مهره‌داران؛ فقدان واکسن مناسب،</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">قابل اطمینا</span></span><span lang="FA"><span b="" nazanin="">ن</span></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin=""> و در دسترس</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA"><span b="" nazanin="">انسانی و حیوانی و تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی اشاره کرد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">Background and Aim:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">Usutu disease (USUTU) is an arthropod-borne viral disease caused by Usutu virus (USUV) and a zoonosis of growing concern due to its emergence in Africa and Europe and its rapid geographical expansion. This study aimed to compile and analyze global data on USUTU to provide a comprehensive overview of its current status.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3">Materials and Methods: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">A review was conducted using reputable scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Keywords including &quot;USUTU,&quot; &quot;USUV,&quot; and &quot;Usutu virus&quot; were employed to identify relevant articles published between 2000 and 2025. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">Results:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">First identified in Africa in 1959, Usutu virus has since spread to several European countries. The causative agent belongs to the Flaviviridae family and is classified in the genus Orthoflavivirus. Main hosts include the Eurasian blackbird (<i>Turdus merula</i>) and the great grey owl (<i>Strix nebulosa</i>). Primary vectors are <i>Culex neavei</i> in Africa and <i>Culex pipiens</i> in Europe. With rising prevalence, human transmission has become a concern. Clinical manifestations range from mild febrile illness to severe neurological disorders, such as encephalitis and meningoencephalitis. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">Usutu virus poses a potential future threat to public health due to its arthropod-mediated transmission among birds, humans, and other vertebrates, the absence of an effective and widely accessible vaccine, and the influence of climate change on its spread. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <div id="gtx-anchor" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden; left: 20px; top: 257.688px; width: 334.75px; height: 17px;"></div> <div aria-describedby="bubble-2" class="jfk-bubble gtx-bubble" role="alertdialog" style="visibility: visible; left: 173px; top: 48px; opacity: 1;"> <div class="jfk-bubble-content-id" id="bubble-2"><div id="gtx-host" style="min-width: 200px; max-width: 400px;"></div></div> <div aria-label="Close" class="jfk-bubble-closebtn-id jfk-bubble-closebtn" role="button" tabindex="0"></div> <div class="jfk-bubble-arrow-id jfk-bubble-arrow jfk-bubble-arrowdown" style="left: 167.5px;"><div class="jfk-bubble-arrowimplbefore"></div><div class="jfk-bubble-arrowimplafter"></div></div> </div> USUTU, اوسوتو, USUV, آربوویروس‌, فلاوی‌ویروس, زئونوز USUTU, USUV, arbovirus, flavivirus, zoonosis 0 0 http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8376-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ismaeil Alizadeh اسماعیل علیزاده l-alizadehn@razi.tums.ac.ir 5400319475328460073790 5400319475328460073790 No Department of Vector Biology and Control, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran گروه بیولوژی و کنترل ناقلین بیماری‌ها، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat محمد مهدی صداقت sedaghmm@tums.ac.ir 5400319475328460073791 5400319475328460073791 Yes Professor, Department of Vector Biology and Control of Diseases, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran استاد، گروه بیولوژی و کنترل ناقلین بیماری‌ها، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران