fa مروری بر بیماری آربوویروسی اوسوتو USUTU: یک تهدید زئونوز در حال ظهور میکروبیولوژی Microbiology مروری Review <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بیماری اوسوتو </span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(USUTU)</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، یک بیماری ویروسی منتقله توسط بندپایان(آربوویروس‌) است</span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این بیماری مشترک بین انسان و دام</span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زئونوز</span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می&shy;باشد، که به دلیل ظهور در قاره آفریقا و اروپا و گسترش جغرافیایی سریع آن مورد توجه قرار گرفته است</span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه با هدف گردآوری و توصیف اطلاعات مرتبط با این بیماری در دنیا جهت ترسیم یک نمای کلی از وضعیت آن صورت گرفت. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مواد و روش&shy;ها:</span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مطالعه حاضر از نوع مروری تشریحی است که جستجو برای شناسایی مقالات در پایگاه‌های داده استنادی معتبر علمی از جمله </span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">PubMed</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ScienceDirect</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">Scopus</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و موتور جستجوی </span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">Google Scholar</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی (</span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">USUTU</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">USUV</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و (</span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">Usutu virus</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) در بازه زمانی سال </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">2000</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تا </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">2025</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> میلادی صورت گرفت.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته &shy;ها:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بیماری اولین بار در سال </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">۱۹۵۹ </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">میلادی از قاره آفریقا <span style="color:black">گزارش شد و سپس</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">شیوع آن در برخی کشور های اروپایی گسترش یافت. ویروس عامل بیماری متعلق به خانواده فلاوی‌ویریده</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">(</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Flaviviridae</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و در جنس ارتوفلاوی‌ویروس (</span></span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Orthoflavivirus</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) طبقه‌بندی می&shy;شود.</span></span></span></span> <strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توکای سیاه </span></span></span></strong><strong><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(<i>Turdus merula</i>) </span></span></span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">و جغد خاکستری بزرگ (</span></span></span></span><i><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Strix nebulosa</span></span></span></span></i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">) </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به عنوان مخزن اصلی تکثیرکننده هستند.</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ناقلین اصلی این بیماری شامل گونه </span></span></span><i><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">Culex neavei</span></span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در قاره آفریقا</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گونه</span></span></span> <i><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">Culex pipiens</span></span></span></i><i> </i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در قاره اروپا هستند. </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">با افزایش شیوع احتمال انتقال بیماری به انسان وجود دارد</span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">. </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تظاهرات بالینی می&shy;تواند از تب خفیف تا بیماری‌های عصبی شدید مانند آنسفالیت و مننگوآنسفالیت باش<span style="color:black">د</span></span></span></span><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">نتیجه&nbsp;</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">&shy;</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">گیری</span></span></span></span></b><b><span lang="fa" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">:</span></span></span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به طور کلی می&shy;توان گفت که این بیماری تهدیدی در آینده برای انسان‌ها است که از دلایل آن می&shy;توان به توانایی بندپایان در انتقال آن بین پرندگان، انسان‌ها و سایر مهره‌داران، فقدان واکسن مناسب،</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قابل اطمینا</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ن</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و در دسترس</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">انسانی و حیوانی و تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی اشاره کرد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background and Aim:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Usutu virus disease (USUTU) is an arthropod-borne viral disease and a zoonosis of growing concern due to its emergence in Africa and Europe, along with its rapid geographical expansion. This study aimed to compile and analyze global data on USUTU to provide a comprehensive overview of its current status.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&nbsp;<b>Materials and Methods:</b> A review was conducted using reputable scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Keywords&nbsp; including &quot;USUTU,&quot; &quot;USUV,&quot; and &quot;Usutu virus&quot; were employed to identify relevant articles published between 2000 and 2025. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> First identified in Africa in 1959, Usutu virus has since spread to several European countries. The causative agent belongs to the Flaviviridae family and is classified under the Orthoflavivirus genus. Main hosts include the Eurasian blackbird (<i>Turdus merula</i>) and the great grey owl (<i>Strix nebulosa</i>). Primary vectors are <i>Culex neavei</i> in Africa and <i>Culex pipiens</i> in Europe. With rising prevalence, human transmission has become a concern. Clinical manifestations range from mild febrile illness to severe neurological disorders such as encephalitis and meningoencephalitis. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Usutu virus poses a potential future threat to public health due to its arthropod-mediated transmission among birds, humans, and other vertebrates, the absence of an effective and widely accessible vaccine, and the influence of climate change on its spread. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; <div id="gtx-anchor" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden; left: 20px; top: 257.688px; width: 334.75px; height: 17px;"></div> <div aria-describedby="bubble-2" class="jfk-bubble gtx-bubble" role="alertdialog" style="visibility: visible; left: 173px; top: 48px; opacity: 1;"> <div class="jfk-bubble-content-id" id="bubble-2"><div id="gtx-host" style="min-width: 200px; max-width: 400px;"></div></div> <div aria-label="Close" class="jfk-bubble-closebtn-id jfk-bubble-closebtn" role="button" tabindex="0"></div> <div class="jfk-bubble-arrow-id jfk-bubble-arrow jfk-bubble-arrowdown" style="left: 167.5px;"><div class="jfk-bubble-arrowimplbefore"></div><div class="jfk-bubble-arrowimplafter"></div></div> </div> USUTU، اوسوتو، USUV، آربوویروس‌، فلاوی‌ویروس، زئونوز USUTU, USUV, arbovirus, flavivirus, zoonosis 0 0 http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-8376-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ismaeil Alizadeh اسماعیل علیزاده l-alizadehn@razi.tums.ac.ir 5400319475328460072393 5400319475328460072393 No Department of Vector Biology and Control of Diseases, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran گروه بیولوژی و کنترل ناقلین بیماریها، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat محمد مهدی صداقت sedaghmm@tums.ac.ir 5400319475328460072394 5400319475328460072394 Yes Department of Vector Biology and Control of Diseases, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran گروه بیولوژی و کنترل ناقلین بیماریها، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران